Surah Taha 20:113

The Qur'an was revealed so that the People would have Taqwa and reflect

After Allah, the Exalted, mentions that on the Day of Judgement both the good and the evil will be recompensed and there is no avoiding it, He then explains that the Qur'an was revealed as a bringer of glad tidings and a warner in the clear and eloquent Arabic language. There is no confusion or deficiency in it.

وَصَرَّفْنَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْوَعِيدِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ

(And thus We have sent it down as a Qur'an in Arabic, and have explained therein in detail the warnings, in order that they may have Taqwa of,) This means: so that they will leave off sins, forbidden things and lewd abominations.

أَوْ يُحْدِثُ لَهُمْ ذِكْراً

(or that it may cause them to have a lesson from it.) This means: to produce acts of obedience and deeds that will bring one closer to Allah.

فَتَعَـلَى اللَّهُ الْمَلِكُ الْحَقُّ

(Then High above all be Allah, the True King.) This means: Most Holy and Majestic is He, the True King, Who is Himself the Truth and His promise is true. Likewise, His threat is true, His Messengers are true, the Paradise is true, the Hellfire is true and everything from Him is true. His justice is that He does not punish anyone before warning them, sending Messengers to them and granting excuses to His creatures, so that no one will have any argument or doubt (on Judgment Day).

The Command to the Prophet to listen to the Qur'an when it is revealed without making haste

Concerning Allah's statement,

وَلاَ تَعْجَلْ بِالْقُرْءانِ مِن قَبْلِ إَن يُقْضَى إِلَيْكَ وَحْيُهُ

(And be not in haste with the Qur'an before its revelation is completed to you,) This is similar to Allah's statement,

لاَ تُحَرِّكْ بِهِ لِسَانَكَ لِتَعْجَلَ بِهِ - إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا جَمْعَهُ وَقُرْءَانَهُ - فَإِذَا قَرَأْنَـهُ فَاتَّبِعْ قُرْءَانَهُ - ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا بَيَانَهُ

(Move not your tongue to make haste therewith. It is for Us to collect it and to give you the ability to recite it. And when We have recited it to you, then follow its recital. Then it is for Us to made it clear (to you).) 75:16-19 It is confirmed in the Sahih on the authority of Ibn `Abbas, who said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to go through great pains to retain the revelation. In doing so he used to move his tongue rapidly with its recital. Then, Allah revealed this Ayah. This means that whenever Jibril would say an Ayah, the Prophet would say it with him due to his eagerness to memorize it. Then, Allah guided him to that which was easier and lighter in this matter, to relieve him of this difficulty. Allah said,

لاَ تُحَرِّكْ بِهِ لِسَانَكَ لِتَعْجَلَ بِهِ - إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا جَمْعَهُ وَقُرْءَانَهُ

(Move not your tongue to make haste therewith. It is for Us to collect it and to give you the ability to recite it.) 75:16-17 Meaning, "We will gather it in your chest, then you will recite it to the people without forgetting anything of it."

فَإِذَا قَرَأْنَـهُ فَاتَّبِعْ قُرْءَانَهُ - ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلَيْنَا بَيَانَهُ

(And when We have recited it to you, then follow its recital. Then it is for Us to made it clear (to you).) 75:18-19 And He said in this Ayah,

وَلاَ تَعْجَلْ بِالْقُرْءانِ مِن قَبْلِ إَن يُقْضَى إِلَيْكَ وَحْيُهُ

(And be not in haste with the Qur'an before its revelation is completed to you,) This is a command to the Prophet to listen quietly: `Then, when the angel (Jibril) completes reciting to you, you recite it after him.'

وَقُل رَّبِّ زِدْنِى عِلْماً

(and say: "My Lord! Increase me in knowledge.") meaning, "Give me more knowledge from You." Ibn `Uyaynah said, "The Prophet did not cease increasing (in knowledge) until Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, took him (i.e. he died)."

Ayat ini menerangkan bahwa Allah menurunkan Al-Qur'an dalam bahasa Arab agar mudah dipahami oleh orang-orang musyrik Mekah dan agar mereka tertarik untuk memperhatikan isinya dan ajaran-ajaran yang terkandung di dalamnya. Dengan demikian mereka diharapkan akan kembali kepada kebenaran dan meninggalkan kepercayaan-kepercayaan yang menyesatkan seperti menyembah kepercayaan-kepercayaan yang menyesatkan seperti menyembah berhala dan dapat hidup dengan tenteram dan bahagia dengan menjalankan peraturan-peraturan yang terkandung di dalamnya karena semua perintah dan larangan di dalamnya adalah semata-mata untuk kebaikan dan kebahagiaan manusia di dunia dan di akhirat.

Di dalam Al-Qur'an diutarakan pula beberapa peringatan dan ancaman kepada orang-orang yang durhaka yang tidak mau memperhatikan seruan nabi-nabi dan rasul-rasul bahkan tetap menolaknya, karena bertentangan dengan keinginan hawa nafsu mereka, seperti kisah umat-umat yang terdahulu yang telah dibinasakan karena kedurhakaan mereka dan keterangan mengenai nasib orang-orang kafir dan berdosa di akhirat nanti. Untuk mengembalikan orang-orang Arab yang demikian keras hatinya dan mendalam syirik dan akidahnya kepada kebenaran tidak cukup hanya dengan dakwah dan penerangan saja, tetapi dakwah dan penerangan itu harus pula disertai dengan peringatan dan ancaman. Hal ini bukan saja berlaku pada kaum musyrik Mekah tetapi berlaku pula untuk semua manusia.

Bila dakwah dan penjelasan tidak juga bermanfaat maka tibalah waktunya untuk memberikan peringatan dengan menerangkan fakta-fakta sejarah dan contoh-contoh umat yang terdahulu, malapetaka dan musibah yang terjadi dalam masyarakat disebabkan kerusakan akhlak dan kehancuran norma-norma keadilan dan kebenaran. Dengan demikian dapat diharapkan manusia akan menjadi sadar dan insaf, menjadi orang yang bertakwa kepada Allah mengakui kebesaran dan kekuasaan-Nya, tunduk kepada peraturan-peraturan yang dibuat-Nya untuk kepentingan umat manusia.