Surah Fussilat 41:5

Which was revealed in Makkah

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

Description of the Qur'an, and what Those Who turn away from it say.

(Ha Mim. A revelation from the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.) means, the Qur'an is revealed from the Most Gracious, Most Merciful. This is like the Ayat:

(Say Ruh Al-Qudus (Jibril) has brought it down from your Lord with truth) (16:102).

(And truly, this is a revelation from the Lord of all that exists, Which the trustworthy Ruh (Jibril) has brought down upon your heart that you may be (one) of the warners.) (26:192-194).

(A Book whereof the Ayat are explained in detail) means, its meanings are clear and its rulings are sound and wise.

(a Qur'an in Arabic) means, because it is a clear Arabic Qur'an, its meanings are precise and detailed and its words are clear and not confusing. This is like the Ayah:

((This is) a Book, the Ayat whereof are completed, and then explained in detail from One (Allah), Who is All-Wise Well-Acquainted) (11:1). meaning, it is miraculous in its wording and in its meanings.

(Falsehood cannot come to it from before it or behind it, (it is) sent down by the All-Wise, Worthy of all praise.) (41:42).

(for people who know.) means, this clear style will be readily understood by scholars who are thoroughly versed in knowledge.

(Giving glad tidings and warning,) means, sometimes it brings glad tidings to the believers, and sometimes it brings a warning to the disbelievers.

(but most of them turn away, so they hear not.) means, most of the Quraysh did not understand anything of it at all, despite the fact that it was so clear.

(And they say: "Our hearts are under coverings...") meaning, they are wrapped and screened,

(from that to which you invite us; and in our ears is deafness,) means, `we are deaf to the message you bring to us.'

(and between us and you is a screen,) `so nothing of what you say reaches us.'

(so work you (on your way); verily, we are working) means, go your way, and we will go our way, and we will not follow you.

Pada ayat ini disebutkan penyebab orang-orang musyrik mengingkari dan mendustakan ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an, yaitu:

1. Mereka menyatakan bahwa hati mereka telah tertutup, tidak dapat dimasuki oleh seruan kepada iman, melaksanakan petunjuk-petunjuk Al-Qur'an, dan yang disampaikan Muhammad saw.

2. Mereka menyatakan bahwa telinga-telinga mereka telah tersumbat sehingga tidak dapat mendengar seruan Muhammad saw dan ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an yang dibacakan kepadanya.

3. Mereka mengatakan bahwa antara mereka dan kaum Muslimin ada dinding pemisah yang menghalangi mereka menerima seruan itu.

Sebagian ahli tafsir berpendapat bahwa yang diterangkan ayat ini merupakan gambaran keadaan orang-orang musyrik yang jiwa dan hati mereka tidak dapat lagi memahami seruan Rasulullah saw dan tidak mau mengikuti petunjuk Al-Qur'an. Hati mereka diserupakan dengan benda yang terletak dalam suatu tempat yang tertutup, telinga mereka diserupakan dengan telinga orang tuli yang tidak dapat mendengar sesuatu pun, dan keadaan mereka diserupakan dengan orang yang berdiri di samping dinding tebal dan tinggi, sehingga tidak mengetahui apa yang terjadi di balik dinding itu.

Karena seruan tidak berfaedah sedikit pun bagi orang-orang musyrik, mereka disuruh melakukan segala yang mereka inginkan, termasuk usaha tipu daya, menyiksa dan menyakiti orang-orang yang beriman, menjauhkan manusia dari Muhammad, dan menghancurkan Islam dan kaum Muslimin. Akan tetapi, Allah pun akan menjaga kaum Muslimin dari tindakan mereka.