Surah Az-Zumar 39:67

The Idolators did not make a just Estimate of Allah such as is due to Him

وَمَا قَدَرُواْ اللَّهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ

(They made not a just estimate of Allah such as is due to Him.) means, the idolators did not give Allah His due when they worshipped others alongside Him. He is the Almighty, and there is none mightier than Him; He is the One Who is able to do all things; He is the Owner of all things and everything is under His control and power. Mujahid said, "This was revealed concerning Quraysh." As-Suddi said, "They did not venerate Him as He deserves to be venerated." Muhammad bin Ka`b said, "If they had made a just estimate of Allah such as is due to Him, they would not have lied." `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

وَمَا قَدَرُواْ اللَّهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ

(They made not a just estimate of Allah such as is due to Him.) "These are the disbeliever who did not believe that Allah had power over them. Whoever believes that Allah is able to do all things, has made a just estimate of Allah such as is due to Him, and whoever does not believe that, has not made a just estimate of Allah such as is due to Him." Many Hadiths have been narrated concerning this Ayah and how it and other Ayat like it are to be interpreted and accepted without any attempts to twist or change the meaning. Concerning the Ayah,

وَمَا قَدَرُواْ اللَّهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ

(They made not a just estimate of Allah such as is due to Him. ) Al-Bukhari recorded that `Abdullah bin Mas`ud, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "One of the rabbis came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, `O Muhammad! We learn that Allah will put the heavens on one finger, the earths on one finger, the trees on one finger, the water and dust on one finger, and the rest of creation on one finger, then He will say: I am the King.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ smiled so broadly that his molars could be seen, in confirmation of what the rabbi had said. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited:

وَمَا قَدَرُواْ اللَّهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ وَالاٌّرْضُ جَمِيعـاً قَبْضَـتُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ

(They made not a just estimate of Allah such as is due to Him. And on the Day of Resurrection the whole of the earth will be grasped by His Hand)." Al-Bukhari also recorded this in other places of his Sahih. It was also recorded by Imam Ahmad and Muslim, and by At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i in the (books of) Tafsir in their Sunans. Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say:

«يَقْبِضُ اللهُ تَعَالَى الْأَرْضَ، وَيَطْوِي السَّمَاءَ بِيَمِينِهِ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: أَنَا الْمَلِكُ، أَيْنَ مُلُوكُ الْأَرْضِ؟»

(Allah will grasp the earth and roll up the heavens in His Right Hand, then He will say: "I am the King, where are the kings of the earth")" This version was recorded only by Al-Bukhari; Muslim recorded another version. Al-Bukhari also recorded from Ibn `Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:

«إِنَّ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى يَقْبِضُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ الْأَرَضِينَ عَلَى أُصْبُعٍ، وَتَكُونُ السَّموَاتُ بِيَمِينِهِ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: أَنَا الْمَلِك»

(On the Day of Resurrection, Allah, may He be blessed and exalted, will grasp the earth with one finger, and the heavens will be in His Right Hand, then He will say, "I am the King.") This version was also recorded by Al-Bukhari It is recorded that Ibn `Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited this Ayah on the Minbar one day:

وَمَا قَدَرُواْ اللَّهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ وَالاٌّرْضُ جَمِيعـاً قَبْضَـتُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَـمَةِ وَالسَّمَـوَتُ مَطْوِيَّـتٌ بِيَمِينِهِ سُبْحَـنَهُ وَتَعَالَى عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ

(They made not a just estimate of Allah such as is due to Him. On the Day of Resurrection the whole earth will be grasped by His Hand and the heavens will be rolled up in His Right Hand. Glorified be He, and High be He above all that they associate as partners with Him!) The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said while moving his hand forward and backward:

«يُمَجِّدُ الرَّبُّ نَفْسَهُ: أَنَا الْجَبَّارُ، أَنَا الْمُتَكَبِّرُ، أَنَا الْمَلِكُ، أَنَا الْعَزِيزُ، أَنَا الْكَرِيم»

(And the Lord will glorify Himself, saying "I am Compeller, I am the Proud, I am the King, I am the Mighty, I am the Most Generous.") And the Minbar shook so much that we feared that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would fall." This was also recorded by Muslim, An-Nasa'i and Ibn Majah.

Pada ayat ini, Allah mencela perbuatan kaum musyrikin Mekah karena menyembah berhala dan patung, mengingkari kebesaran dan kekuasaan-Nya. Allah juga mengingatkan betapa besar nikmat yang telah dikaruniakan-Nya kepada mereka. Seakan-akan yang berkuasa dan memberi karunia itu adalah patung-patung yang tidak berdaya yang mereka buat dengan tangan mereka sendiri. Alangkah rendahnya jalan pikiran mereka dengan mengagungkan suatu yang hina dan tak berdaya. Allah selanjutnya menegaskan bahwa bumi ini seluruhnya berada dalam genggaman-Nya pada hari Kiamat, demikian pula langit tergulung di tangan kanan-Nya. Jika langit dan bumi semuanya berada dalam genggaman-Nya, maka siapakah lagi yang lebih besar, lebih agung, lebih berkuasa dari Allah? Apakah mereka mengagungkan patung-patung itu sedang patung-patung itu adalah sebagian kecil saja dari langit dan bumi? Mengenai ayat ini, Imam al-Bukhari meriwayatkan dari Ibnu Mas'ud sebuah hadis:

Telah datang salah seorang pendeta kepada Rasulullah saw dan berkata kepadanya, "Hai Muhammad, sesungguhnya aku menemui (dalam kitab kami) bahwa Allah Yang Mahaperkasa meletakkan langit di salah satu jarinya, bumi di jari yang lain, pohon-pohon di jari yang lain, air dan tanah di jari yang lain, dan makhluk-makhluk lainnya di jari yang lain pula, lalu Dia berkata, 'Akulah raja." Rasulullah saw tertawa mendengar kata-kata pendeta itu sehingga kelihatan gerahamnya tanda setuju. Kemudian Nabi saw membaca ayat 67 ini.

Tentang penggambaran langit dan bumi dalam genggaman-Nya, mungkin dapat dipahami dengan makna bahwa alam ini dalam kekuasaan-Nya. Bagaimana hakikat yang sebenarnya dari keadaan bumi yang berada dalam genggaman Allah, kita tidak tahu. Hal itu termasuk masalah-masalah yang gaib, yang harus diterima sebagaimana yang diterangkan Allah. Yang mesti diyakini sepenuhnya adalah Allah tidak dapat diserupakan dengan suatu apa pun. Firman Allah:

Tidak ada sesuatu pun yang serupa dengan Dia. Dan Dia Yang Maha Mendengar, Maha Melihat. (asy-Syura/42: 11)

Kemudian Allah menutup ayat ini dengan menyatakan bahwa mempersekutukan Allah dengan makhluk lainnya apalagi dengan sesuatu yang remeh tak berdaya seperti patung-patung itu adalah perbuatan sesat dan menyesatkan. Maha Suci Allah dari segala paham itu dan tidak layak bagi kekuasaan dan keagungan-Nya untuk dipersekutukan dengan yang lain.