Surah 13 · 13:6
Surah Ar-Ra'd 13:6
Ar-Ra'd · The Thunder
وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِ
WayastaAAjiloonaka bissayyi-atiqabla alhasanati waqad khalat min qablihimu almathulatuwa-inna rabbaka lathoo maghfiratin linnasiAAala thulmihim wa-inna rabbaka lashadeedualAAiqab
They impatiently urge you to bring about evil before good, while there has already occurred before them similar punishments [to what they demand]. And indeed, your Lord is the possessor of forgiveness for the people despite their wrongdoing, and indeed, your Lord is severe in penalty.
Dan mereka meminta kepadamu agar dipercepat (datangnya) siksaan, sebelum (mereka meminta) kebaikan, padahal telah terjadi bermacam-macam contoh siksaan sebelum mereka. Sungguh, Tuhanmu benar-benar memiliki ampunan bagi manusia atas kezaliman mereka, dan sungguh, Tuhanmu sangat keras siksaan-Nya.
Tafsir
Ibn Kathir (Abridged)
The Disbelievers ask for the Punishment to be delivered now!
Allah said,
وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ
(They ask you to hasten), in reference to the disbelievers,
بِالسَّيِّئَةِ قَبْلَ الْحَسَنَةِ
(the evil before the good,) meaning, the punishment. Allah said in other Ayat that they said,
وَقَالُواْ يأَيُّهَا الَّذِى نُزِّلَ عَلَيْهِ الذِّكْرُ إِنَّكَ لَمَجْنُونٌ - لَّوْ
مَا تَأْتِينَا بِالْمَلَـئِكَةِ إِن كُنتَ مِنَ الصَّـدِقِينَ - مَا نُنَزِّلُ الْمَلَـئِكَةَ إِلاَّ بِالحَقِّ وَمَا كَانُواْ إِذًا مُّنظَرِينَ
(And they say: "O you to whom the Dhikr (the Qur'an) has been sent down! Verily, you are a mad man! Why do you not bring angels to us if you are of the truthful" We send not the angels down except with the truth (i.e. for torment), and in that case, they (the disbelieves) would have no respite!)15:6-8, and two Ayat;
وَيَسْتَعْجِلُونَكَ بِالْعَذَابِ
(And they ask you to hasten on the torment!)29:53-54 Allah also said,
سَأَلَ سَآئِلٌ بِعَذَابٍ وَاقِعٍ
(A questioner asked concerning a torment about to befall.) 70:1,
يَسْتَعْجِلُ بِهَا الَّذِينَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهَا وَالَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مُشْفِقُونَ مِنْهَا وَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهَا الْحَقُّ
(Those who believe not therein seek to hasten it, while those who believe are fearful of it, and know that it is the very truth.)42:18, and,
وَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَا عَجِّل لَّنَا قِطَّنَا
(They say: "Our Lord! Hasten to us Qittana.)38:16, meaning, our due torment and reckoning. Allah said that they also supplicated,
وَإِذْ قَالُواْ اللَّهُمَّ إِن كَانَ هَـذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِندِكَ
(And (remember) when they said: "O Allah! If this (the Qur'an) is indeed the truth from You.)8:32 They were such rebellious, stubborn disbelievers that they asked the Messenger to bring them Allah's torment. Allah replied,
وَقَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِمُ الْمَثُلَـتُ
(while exemplary punishments have indeed occurred before them.) Meaning, `We have exerted Our punishment on the previous disbelieving nations, and made them a lesson and example for those who might take heed from their destruction.' If it was not for His forbearance and forgiveness, Allah would have indeed punished them sooner. Allah said in another Ayah,
وَلَوْ يُؤَاخِذُ اللَّهُ النَّاسَ بِمَا كَسَبُواْ مَا تَرَكَ عَلَى ظَهْرِهَا مِن دَآبَّةٍ
(And if Allah were to punish men for that which they earned, He would not leave a moving creature on the surface of the earth.)35:45 Allah said in this honorable Ayah,
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو مَغْفِرَةٍ لِّلنَّاسِ عَلَى ظُلْمِهِمْ
(But verily, your Lord is full of forgiveness for mankind in spite of their wrongdoing.) He is full of forgiveness, pardoning and covering the mistakes of people, in spite of their wrongdoing and the errors committed night and day. Allah next reminds that His punishment is severe, so that fear and hope are both addressed and mentioned. Allah said in other Ayat,
فَإِن كَذَّبُوكَ فَقُل رَّبُّكُمْ ذُو رَحْمَةٍ وَسِعَةٍ وَلاَ يُرَدُّ بَأْسُهُ عَنِ الْقَوْمِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ
(If they belie you, say: "Your Lord is the Owner of vast mercy, and never will His wrath be turned back from the people who are criminals.")6:147
إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَسَرِيعُ الْعِقَابِ وَإِنَّهُ لَغَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
(Verily, your Lord is quick in retribution and certainly He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.)7:167, and,
نَبِّىءْ عِبَادِى أَنِّى أَنَا الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ - وَأَنَّ عَذَابِى هُوَ ٱلْعَذَابُ ٱلْأَلِيمُ
(Declare unto My servants that truly I am the Oft-Forgiving, the Most Merciful. And that My torment is indeed the most painful torment.)15:49-50 There are many other Ayat that mention both fear and hope.
وَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَوْلا أُنزِلَ عَلَيْهِ آيَةٌ مِّن رَّبِّهِ إِنَّمَآ أَنتَ مُنذِرٌ وَلِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هَادٍ
Tafsir Kemenag RI
Setelah mendustakan Rasul dan mengingkari azab hari kiamat, mereka mengingkari pula azab di dunia yang telah diancamkan oleh Rasulullah kepada mereka. Mereka meminta kepadanya agar siksa yang telah diancamkan kepada mereka disegerakan datangnya. Semestinya mereka memohon kebaikan dan keselamatan dari turunnya azab dan mengharapkan pahala yang dijanjikan oleh Rasulullah di akhirat. Padahal bermacam-macam azab telah ditimpakan Allah kepada umat-umat yang mendustakan para rasul sebelumnya. Di antara mereka ada yang diubah rupa dan sifatnya menjadi seperti kera, ada pula yang dihancurkan dengan gempa bumi, dan sebagainya. Tentang keadaan mereka yang lebih suka menantang turunnya azab daripada meminta kebaikan disebutkan pula dalam firman Allah:
Dan (ingatlah), ketika mereka (orang-orang musyrik) berkata, "Ya Allah, jika (Al-Quran) ini benar (wahyu) dari Engkau, maka hujanilah kami dengan batu dari langit, atau datangkanlah kepada kami azab yang pedih. (al-Anfal/8: 32)
Sesungguhnya Allah benar-benar mempunyai ampunan yang luas terhadap dosa-dosa hamba-Nya yang bertobat dan menutupi kesalahan-kesalahannya pada hari kiamat. Seandainya tidak bersifat Maha Penyantun, tentu Allah akan menyiksa manusia karena kezalimannya. Firman Allah:
Dan sekiranya Allah menghukum manusia disebabkan apa yang telah mereka perbuat, niscaya Dia tidak akan menyisakan satu pun makhluk bergerak yang bernyawa di bumi ini. (Fathir/35: 45)
Sesungguhnya siksaan Allah sangat pedih terhadap orang yang mengerja-kan kejahatan dan terus bergelimang dalam kesesatan dan dosa. Ada sebagian azab yang disegerakan turunnya di dunia sebagai akibat dari berbagai dosa, seperti terganggunya kesehatan orang-orang yang biasa minum minuman keras, bangkrutnya orang-orang yang suka berjudi padahal sebelumnya kaya, dan seseorang koruptor yang dicopot dari kedudukannya yang tinggi karena terlibat soal korupsi dan manipulasi. Sering sekali ampunan dari Allah itu disebut berdampingan dengan siksaan agar seorang hamba Allah selalu berada di posisi tengah antara khauf dan raja (ketakutan terhadap azab Allah dan harapan memperoleh ampunan-Nya) seperti dalam firman Allah:
Sesungguhnya Tuhanmu sangat cepat siksa-Nya, dan sesungguhnya Dia Maha Pengampun, Maha Penyayang. (al-Araf/7: 167)
Tafsir is bundled locally for static rendering. Verify redistribution rights for Ibn Kathir and Tafsir Kemenag before production release.
Word by word
وَيَسۡتَعۡجِلُونَكَ
wayastaʿjilūnaka
And they ask you to hasten
بِٱلسَّيِّئَةِ
bil-sayi-ati
the evil
قَبۡلَ
qabla
before
ٱلۡحَسَنَةِ
l-ḥasanati
the good
وَقَدۡ
waqad
and verily
خَلَتۡ
khalat
has occurred
مِن
min
from
قَبۡلِهِمُ
qablihimu
before them
ٱلۡمَثُلَٰتُۗ
l-mathulātu
[the] similar punishments
وَإِنَّ
wa-inna
And indeed
رَبَّكَ
rabbaka
your Lord
لَذُو
ladhū
(is) full
مَغۡفِرَةٖ
maghfiratin
(of) forgiveness
لِّلنَّاسِ
lilnnāsi
for mankind
عَلَىٰ
ʿalā
for
ظُلۡمِهِمۡۖ
ẓul'mihim
their wrongdoing
وَإِنَّ
wa-inna
and indeed
رَبَّكَ
rabbaka
your Lord
لَشَدِيدُ
lashadīdu
(is) severe
ٱلۡعِقَابِ
l-ʿiqābi
(in) the penalty