Surah Al-Furqan 25:45

Evidence of the existence of the Creator and the extent of His Power

Here Allah begins explaining the evidence for His existence and His perfect power to create various things and pairs of opposites. Allah says:

(Have you not seen how your Lord spread the shadow.) Ibn `Abbas, Ibn `Umar, Abu Al-`Aliyah, Abu Malik, Masruq, Mujahid, Sa`id bin Jubayr, An-Nakha`i, Ad-Dahhak, Al-Hasan, Qatadah, As-Suddi and others said, "This refers to the period from the beginning of the dawn until the sun rises."

(If He willed, He could have made it still) meaning, immobile, never changing. This is like the Ayat:

(Say : "Tell me! If Allah made the night continuous for you...") (28:71)

(but We have made the sun its guide.) means, were it not for the sun rising, it would not be there, for a thing can only be known in contrast to its opposite. Qatadah and As-Suddi said, "The sun is a guide which follows the shade until the shade disappears. "

(Then We withdraw it towards Ourselves -- a gradual withdrawal.) This refers to the shade.

(gradual) meaning slowly. As-Suddi said: "A gentle, concealed, withdrawal until there is no shade left on earth except under a roof or a tree, and the sun is shining on whatever is above it."

(a gradual withdrawal.) Ayyub bin Musa said: "Little by little.

(And it is He Who makes the night a covering for you,) It covers and conceals all things. This is like the Ayah:

(By the night as it envelops) (92:1).

(and the sleep a repose,) means, a halt to movement so that bodies may rest. For the faculties and limbs get tired from their constant movement during the day when one goes out to earn a living. When night comes, and it becomes quiet, they stop moving, and rest; so sleep provides a rejuvenation for both the body and the soul.

(and makes the day Nushur) meaning, people get up and go out to earn a living and attend to their business. This is like the Ayah:

(It is out of His mercy that He has made for you the night and the day that you may rest therein and that you may seek of His bounty...) (28:73)

Pada ayat ini, Allah memerintahkan rasul-Nya supaya memperhatikan ciptaan-Nya, bagaimana Dia memanjangkan dan memendekkan bayang-bayang dari tiap-tiap benda yang terkena sinar matahari, dari mulai terbit sampai terbenam. Allah sengaja menjadikan panas dari terik cahaya matahari. Kalau Dia menghendaki niscaya Dia menjadikan bayang-bayang itu tetap, tidak berpindah-pindah. Allah menjadikan bayang-bayang itu memanjang atau memendek untuk dipergunakan manusia sebagai pengukur waktu, seperti di Mesir mempergunakan alat yang diberi nama al-Misallat untuk mengukur waktu pada siang hari dan menentukan musim-musim selama setahun. Sejak dahulu kala, bangsa Arab pun telah mempergunakan alat yang diberi nama al-Mazawil untuk menentukan waktu salat dengan bayang-bayang. Mereka dapat memastikan tibanya waktu Zuhur bila bayangan jarumnya sudah berpindah dari arah barat ke timur, dan tiba waktu Asar bila bayangan setiap benda yang berdiri sudah menyamainya. Hanya Imam Abu Hanifah yang berpendapat bahwa bayangan itu harus dua kali dari panjang benda itu sendiri. Jadi jelas bahwa menurut ayat ini, Allah menjadikan bayang-bayang dari sinar matahari sebagai petunjuk waktu.