Surah 105 · 105:1

Surah Al-Fil 105:1

Al-Fil · The Elephant

أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَـٰبِ ٱلْفِيلِ

Alam tara kayfa faAAala rabbuka bi-as-habialfeel

Have you not considered, [O Muḥammad], how your Lord dealt with the companions of the elephant?

Tidakkah engkau (Muhammad) perhatikan bagaimana Tuhanmu telah bertindak terhadap pasukan bergajah?

SurahAl-Fil
Juz30
Page601
Revelationmakkah

Tafsir

Ibn Kathir (Abridged)

Which was revealed in Makkah

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

هَمَّازٍ مَّشَّآءِ بِنَمِيمٍ

(Hammaz, going about with slander) (68:11) Ibn `Abbas said, "Humazah Lumazah means one who reviles and disgraces (others)." Mujahid said, "Al-Humazah is with the hand and the eye, and Al-Lumazah is with the tongue." Then Allah says,

الَّذِى جَمَعَ مَالاً وَعَدَّدَهُ

(Who has gathered wealth and counted it.) meaning, he gathers it piling some of it on top of the rest and he counts it up. This is similar to Allah's saying,

وَجَمَعَ فَأَوْعَى

(And collect (wealth) and hide it.) (70:18) This was said by As-Suddi and Ibn Jarir. Muhammad bin Ka`b said concerning Allah's statement,

جَمَعَ مَالاً وَعَدَّدَهُ

(gathered wealth and counted it.) "His wealth occupies his time in the day, going from this to that. Then when the night comes he sleeps like a rotting corpse." Then Allah says,

يَحْسَبُ أَنَّ مَالَهُ أَخْلَدَهُ

(He thinks that his wealth will make him last forever!) meaning, he thinks that gathering wealth will make him last forever in this abode (the worldly life).

كَلاَّ

(But no!) meaning, the matter is not as he claims, nor as he reckons. Then Allah says,

لَيُنبَذَنَّ فِى الْحُطَمَةِ

(Verily, he will be thrown into Al-Hutamah.) meaning, the person who gathered wealth and counted it, will be thrown into Al-Hutamah, which is one of the descriptive names of the Hellfire. This is because it crushes whoever is in it. Thus, Allah says,

وَمَآ أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحُطَمَةُ - نَارُ اللَّهِ الْمُوقَدَةُ - الَّتِى تَطَّلِعُ عَلَى الاٌّفْئِدَةِ

(And what will make you know what Al-Hutamah is The fire of Allah, Al-Muqadah, which leaps up over the hearts.) Thabit Al-Bunani said, "It will burn them all the way to their hearts while they are still alive." Then he said, "Indeed the torment will reach them." Then he cried. Muhammad bin Ka`b said, "It (the Fire) will devour every part of his body until it reaches his heart and comes to the level of his throat, then it will return to his body."

Concerning Allah's statement,

إِنَّهَا عَلَيْهِم مُّؤْصَدَةٌ

(Verily, it shall Mu'sadah upon them.) meaning, covering, just as was mentioned in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Balad (see 90:20). Then Allah says,

فِى عَمَدٍ مُّمَدَّدَةِ

(In pillars stretched forth. ) "Atiyah Al-`Awfi said, "Pillars of Iron." As-Suddi said, "Made of fire." Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas, "He will make them enter pillars stretched forth, meaning there will be columns over them, and they will have chains on their necks, and the gates (of Hell) will be shut upon them." This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Humazah, and all praise and thanks are due to Allah.

Tafsir Kemenag RI

Dalam surah ini, Allah mengingatkan Nabi Muhammad dan pengikutnya dengan suatu peristiwa yang menunjukkan betapa besarnya kekuasaan Allah. Peristiwa itu adalah penyerbuan tentara gajah yang dipimpin oleh panglima Abrahah dari Yaman untuk menundukkan penduduk Mekah dan meruntuhkan Ka'bah. Akan tetapi, Allah membinasakan mereka sebelum maksud yang jahat itu tercapai. Peristiwa Gajah adalah suatu peristiwa yang paling terkenal di kalangan bangsa Arab, sehingga peristiwa ini mereka jadikan patokan tanggal bagi peristiwa-peristiwa lainnya.

Kesimpulan riwayatnya adalah bahwa seorang panglima perang yang berkuasa di Yaman ingin menguasai Ka'bah dan menghancurkannya, dengan maksud melarang orang-orang Arab mengerjakan haji ke Ka'bah. Lalu bala tentaranya bergerak menuju Ka'bah disertai beberapa ekor gajah untuk menakut-nakuti. Ketika iring-iringan angkatan perang tersebut tiba di suatu tempat bernama Muqammas (suatu tempat yang berdekatan dengan Mekah), mereka beristirahat di sana. Panglima perang mengirim utusannya kepada penduduk Mekah untuk menyampaikan maksudnya, yaitu bukan untuk memerangi penduduk tetapi untuk menghancurkan Ka'bah. Penduduk Mekah menjadi ketakutan dan lari ke gunung-gunung di sekeliling Ka'bah untuk melihat dari jauh apa yang akan terjadi dan apa yang akan dilakukan oleh panglima perang tersebut.

Dalam surah ini pula Allah menjelaskan apa yang terjadi terhadap pasukan bergajah dalam bentuk pertanyaan bahwa Muhammad tidak mengetahui keadaan yang sangat aneh dan peristiwa yang sangat dahsyat yang membuktikan kekuasaan Allah, ilmu dan hikmah-Nya yang tinggi terhadap tentara gajah yang ingin menghancurkan Ka'bah. Kejadian itu berbeda dengan kejadian lainnya yang mempunyai sebab dan akibat.

Tafsir is bundled locally for static rendering. Verify redistribution rights for Ibn Kathir and Tafsir Kemenag before production release.

Word by word

أَلَمۡ

alam

Have not

تَرَ

tara

you seen

كَيۡفَ

kayfa

how

فَعَلَ

faʿala

dealt

رَبُّكَ

rabbuka

your Lord

بِأَصۡحَٰبِ

bi-aṣḥābi

with (the) Companions

ٱلۡفِيلِ

l-fīli

(of the) Elephant