Surah Al-'Ankabut 29:2

Which was revealed in Makkah

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

The Believers are tested so that it may be known Who is Sincere and Who is Lying

Allah says:

Alif Lam Mim.

In the beginning of the Tafsir of Surah Al-Baqarah, we discussed the letters which appear at the beginning of some Surahs.

(Do people think that they will be left alone because they say: "We believe," and will not be tested.) This is a rebuke in the form of a question, meaning that Allah will inevitably test His believing servants according to their level of faith, as it recorded in the authentic Hadith:

(The people most severly tested are the Prophets, then the righteous, then the next best and the next best. A man will be tested in accordance with the degree of his religious commitment; the stonger his religious commitment, the stronger his test.) This Ayah is like the Ayah,

(Do you think that you will enter Paradise without Allah knowing those of you who fought (in His cause) and knowing those who are the patient) (3:142) There is a similar Ayah in Surat At-Tawbah. And Allah says:

(Or think you that you will enter Paradise without such (trials) as came to those who passed away before you They were afflicted with severe poverty and ailments and were so shaken that even the Messenger and those who believed along with him said, "When (will come) the help of Allah" Yes! Certainly, the help of Allah is near!) (2:214) Allah says here:

(And We indeed tested those who were before them so that Allah will know those who are true, and will know those who are liars.) meaning, He will make know which are sincere in their claim to be believers from those who are lying. Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, knows what has happened in the past and what is yet to come, and He knows how that which will not happen would have happened if it were to happen. All the Imams of Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jama`ah are agreed on this. This is the view of Ibn `Abbas and others concerning phrases such as the Ayah,

(only that We know) (2:143). Meaning, only to see -- because seeing has to do with what is there, but knowledge is broader than seeing, since it includes what is not present as well as what is.

The Evildoers cannot escape from Allah Allah said:

(Or think those who do evil deeds that they can outstrip Us Evil is that which they judge!) means, those who are not believers should not think that they will escape such trials and tests, for ahead of them lies a greater and more severe punishment. Allah says:

(Or think those who do evil deeds that they can outstrip Us) meaning, "escape" from Us.

(Evil is that which they judge!) what they think is evil.

Pada ayat ini, Allah bertanya kepada manusia yang telah mengaku beriman dengan mengucapkan kalimat syahadat bahwa apakah mereka akan dibiarkan begitu saja mengakui keimanan tersebut tanpa lebih dahulu diuji? Tidak, malah setiap orang beriman harus diuji lebih dahulu, sehingga dapat diketahui sampai di manakah mereka sabar dan tahan menerima ujian tersebut. Ujian yang mesti mereka tempuh itu bermacam-macam. Umpamanya perintah berhijrah (meninggalkan kampung halaman demi menyelamatkan iman dan keyakinan), berjihad di jalan Allah, mengendalikan syahwat, mengerjakan tugas-tugas dalam rangka taat kepada Allah, dan bermacam-macam musibah seperti kehilangan anggota keluarga, dan hawa panas yang kering yang menyebabkan tumbuh-tumbuhan mati kekeringan. Semua cobaan itu dimaksudkan untuk menguji siapakah di antara mereka yang sungguh-sungguh beriman dengan ikhlas dan siapa pula yang berjiwa munafik. Juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah mereka termasuk orang yang kokoh pendiriannya atau orang yang masih bimbang dan ragu sehingga iman mereka masih rapuh.

Maksud ayat ini dapat dilihat dalam ayat lain, yakni:

Apakah kamu mengira bahwa kamu akan dibiarkan (begitu saja), padahal Allah belum mengetahui orang-orang yang berjihad di antara kamu dan tidak mengambil teman yang setia selain Allah, Rasul-Nya dan orang-orang yang beriman. Allah Mahateliti terhadap apa yang kamu kerjakan. (at-Taubah/9: 16)

Dari paparan di atas dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa setiap orang yang mengaku beriman tidak akan mencapai hakikat iman yang sebenarnya sebelum ia menempuh berbagai macam ujian. Ujian itu bisa berupa kewajiban seperti kewajiban dalam memanfaatkan harta benda, hijrah, jihad di jalan Allah, membayar zakat kepada fakir miskin, menolong orang yang sedang mengalami kesusahan dan kesulitan, dan bisa juga berupa musibah.