Surah Al-An'am 6:138

The Idolators Forbade Certain Types of Cattle

`Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said, "Hijr refers to what they forbade, such as the Wasilah, and the like." Similar was said by Mujahid, Ad-Dahhak, As-Suddi, Qatadah, `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam and others. Qatadah commented on,

(They say that such and such cattle and crops are Hijr,) "It is a prohibition that the Shayatin appointed for their wealth, and a type of exaggeration and extremism that did not come from Allah." `Abdur-Rahman Ibn Zayd bin Aslam said that, d

(Hijr,) refers to what the idolators designated for their deities. As-Suddi said that the Ayah,

(And none should eat of them except those whom we allow, they claimed...) means, "They said, only those whom we choose can eat of them., and the rest are prohibited from eating them." Similar to this honorable Ayah, Allah said,

(Say: "Tell me, what provision Allah has sent down to you! And you have made of it lawful and unlawful." Say: "Has Allah permitted you (to do so), or do you invent a lie against Allah") 10:59, and,

(Allah has not instituted things like Bahirah or a Sa'ibah or a Wasilah or a Ham. But those who disbelieve invent lies against Allah, and most of them have no understanding.) 5:103 As-Suddi said that cattle forbidden to be used for burden were the Bahirah, Sa'ibah, Wasilah and Ham, as well as cattle for which the idolators did not mention Allah's Name when slaughtering them nor when they were born. Abu Bakr bin `Ayyash said that `Asim bin Abi An-Najud said, "Abu Wa'il said to me, `Do you know the meaning of the Ayah,

(And (they say) there are cattle forbidden to be used for burden, and cattle on which the Name of Allah is not pronounced.) I said, `No.' He said, `It is the Bahirah, which they would not use to for Hajj (either by riding it or carrying things on it)."' Mujahid also said that they were some of the camels belonging to idolators on which Allah's Name was not mentioned when riding, milking, carrying things, copulation or any other action.

(lying against Him.) against Allah. The idolators indeed lied when they attributed this evil to Allah's religion and Law; He did not allow them to do that nor did He approve of it,

(He will recompense them for what they used to fabricate.) against Him, and falsely attribute to Him.

Pada ayat ini Allah menjelaskan ketetapan dan peraturan yang dibuat oleh pemimpin mereka, yang mereka tetapkan tanpa berdasarkan akal yang sehat, petunjuk Allah atau agama Allah yaitu:

1.Mereka mengambil sebagian dari hasil tanaman dan binatang yang mereka miliki untuk dipersembahkan kepada berhala dan sembahan mereka sebagai korban. Bagian tertentu itu tidak boleh disentuh kecuali untuk kepentingan berhala, tidak boleh diberikan kepada siapapun dan tidak boleh dimakan oleh orang lelaki.

2.Mereka mengharamkan beberapa macam hewan seperti bahirah, ) sha'ibah, ) washilah ) dan ham. ) Tindakan mereka ini telah dibantah kebenarannya oleh Allah dalam firman-Nya:

Allah tidak pernah mensyariatkan adanya bahirah, sha'ibah, washilah, dan ham. Tetapi orang-orang kafir membuat-buat kedustaan terhadap Allah, dan kebanyakan mereka tidak mengerti. (al-Ma'idah/5: 103)

3.Bila mereka melakukan ibadah haji atau mengucapkan talbiah sesuai dengan tatacara mereka, mereka tidak boleh mengendarai binatang-binatang itu atau membebaninya dengan bawaan mereka.

4.Mereka di waktu menyembelih binatang tidak menyebut nama Allah, tetapi menyebut nama berhala dan sembahan mereka.

Demikianlah sebagian dari ketetapan yang mereka buat sendiri menurut kemauan mereka mengenai hasil tanaman dan binatang ternak, tetapi mereka mendakwakan bahwa peraturan-peraturan itu adalah dari Allah. Ini adalah suatu kebohongan terhadap Allah dan pasti mereka akan mendapatkan siksaan dari pada-Nya. Nabi Muhammad diperintahkan Allah untuk mengecam mereka karena mereka mengharamkan dan menghalalkan sesuatu sesuka hati dan mengada-adakan kebohongan terhadap Allah:

Katakanlah (Muhammad), "Terangkanlah kepadaku tentang rezeki yang diturunkan Allah kepadamu, lalu kamu jadikan sebagiannya haram dan sebagiannya halal." Katakanlah, "Apakah Allah telah memberikan izin kepadamu (tentang ini) atau kamu mengada-ada atas nama Allah?" (Yunus/10: 59)