Surah Maryam 19:59

They were succeeded by Wicked People and Good People

After Allah mentioned the party of blessed ones -- the Prophets and those who followed them by maintainig the limits set by Allah and His commandments, fulfilling what Allah ordered and avoiding His prohibitions -- then He mentions,

(خَلَفَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ خَلْفٌ) (there has succeeded them a posterity.) This means later generations.

(who have lost Salah) Losing their prayers is when they do not consider the prayers obligatory. Therefore they lose, because the prayer is the pillar and foundation of the religion. It is the best of the servants' deeds. Thus, these people will occupy themselves with worldly desires and delights, and they will be pleased with the life of this world. They will be tranquil and at ease in the worldly appetites. Therefore, these people will meet with Ghaiy, which means loss on the Day of Resurrection. Al-Awza`i reported from Musa bin Sulayman, who reported from Al-Qasim bin Mukhaymirah that he said concerning Allah's statement,

(Then, there has succeeded them a posterity who have lost the Salah) "This means that they will not keep up with the proper times of the prayer, because if it meant complete abandonment of the prayer, this would be disbelief." It is also reported that it was said to Ibn Mas`ud, "Allah often mentions the prayer in the Qur'an. He says,

(Those who neglect their Salah.) 107:5 And He says,

(Those who remain constant in their Salah.) 70:23 And He says,

(Who guard their Salah.)" 23:9 Then, Ibn Mas`ud said, "This means at its designated times." The people said, "We thought that this was referring to the abandonment of the prayer." He replied, "That would be disbelief." Masruq said, "No one who guards the five daily prayers will be written among the heedless. In their neglect is destruction. Their neglect is delaying them past their fixed times." Al-Awza`i reported from Ibrahim bin Zayd that Umar bin `Abdul-`Aziz recited the Ayah,

(Then, there has succeeded them a posterity who have lost the Salah and have followed lusts. So they will meet Ghayy.) Then, he said, "Their loss was not their abandonment of the prayers, but it was by not offering them during their proper and prescribed times." Allah said,

(So they will meet Ghayy. ) `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas that he said,

(So they will meet Ghayy.) "This means loss." Qatadah said, "This means evil." Sufyan Ath-Thawri, Shu`bah and Muhammad bin Ishaq all reported from Abu Ishaq As-Sabi`i, who reported from Abu `Ubaydah, who reported from `Abdullah bin Mas`ud that he said,

(So they will meet Ghayy.) "This is a valley in the Hellfire which is very deep and its food is filthy." Al-A`mash reported from Ziyad, who reported from Abu `Iyad, who commented Allah's statement,

(So they will meet Ghayy.) He said, "This is a valley in Hell made of puss and blood." Allah said,

(Except those who repent and believe and work righteousness.) This means, "Except those who recant from giving up the prayers and following the desires, for verily, Allah will accept their repentance, give them a good end and make them of those who inherit the Garden of Delight (Paradise). " For this reason Allah says,

(Such will enter Paradise and they will not be wronged in aught.) This is because repentance wipes away that which was before it. In another Hadith, the Prophet said,

(The one who repents from sin is like he who has no sin.) Because of this, those who repent will not lose anything from the (good) deeds that they did. They will not be held accountable for what they did before their repentance, thus causing a decrease in their reward for deeds that they do after their repentance. That is because whatever they did before repenting is lost, forgotten and not taken to account. This is an honor from the Most Generous and a kindness from the Most Gentle. This is an exception that is made for these people, similar to Allah's statement in Surah Al-Furqan,

(And those who invoke not any other god along with Allah, nor kill such person as Allah has forbidden, except for just cause...) until Allah's statement,

(and Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.) 25:68-70

Pada ayat ini Allah menerangkan bahwa banyak di antara orang-orang datang kemudian sesudah meninggalnya para nabi dan rasul yang disebutkan pada ayat-ayat yang lalu, menyimpang dari jalan yang lurus, meninggalkan ajaran yang dibawa para rasul sebelumnya sehingga mereka tidak lagi mengerjakan salat dan selalu memperturutkan kehendak hawa nafsu dan dengan terang-terangan melanggar larangan Allah seperti meminum minuman keras, berjudi, berzina, dan mengadakan persaksian palsu. Mereka ini diancam oleh Allah dengan ancaman yang keras, kepada mereka akan ditimpakan kecelakaan dan kerugian baik di dunia maupun di akhirat. Sehubungan dengan ayat ini Abu Sa'id al-Khudri meriwayatkan bahwa Rasulullah saw bersabda:

"Akan datang suatu generasi sesudah enam puluh tahun, mereka melalaikan salat dan memperturutkan hawa nafsu, maka orang-orang ini akan menemui kecelakaan dan kerugian. Kemudian datang lagi suatu generasi, mereka membaca Al-Qur'an tetapi hanya di kerongkongan (mulut) saja (tidak masuk ke hati) dan semua membaca Al-Qur'an, orang mukmin, orang munafik dan orang-orang jahat dan fasik (tidak dapat lagi dibedakan mana orang mukmin sejati dan mana orang yang berpura-pura beriman)." (Riwayat Ahmad, Ibnu hibban dan al-hakim)

Kemudian Rasulullah membaca ayat ini (sebagaimana tersebut di atas).

'Uqbah bin 'Amir meriwayatkan pula bahwa aku mendengar Rasulullah bersabda:

"Akan rusak binasalah sebahagian dari umatku yaitu "Ahlul Kitab" dan "Ahlullaban". Aku bertanya, "Siapakah "Ahlul Kitab" wahai Rasulullah?" Beliau menjawab, "Mereka ialah orang-orang yang mempelajari Al-Qur'an untuk berdebat dengan orang-orang mukmin." "Lalu siapa pula "Ahlullaban" itu?" Rasulullah menjawab, "Mereka ialah orang-orang yang memperturutkan hawa nafsu dan meninggalkan salat." (Riwayat Ahmad dan al-hakim dari 'Uqbah bin 'Amir al-Juhhani)

Demikian nasib orang-orang yang melalaikan salat dan memperturutkan hawa nafsu dan menyia-nyiakannya, mereka pasti merugi meskipun yang mereka derita tidak dapat dilihat dengan mata dan pasti akan menerima balasan yang setimpal di akhirat kelak. Di sini tampak dengan jelas bahwa salat yang telah menjadi syariat semenjak Nabi Ibrahim adalah amat penting sekali dan tidak boleh disia-siakan apalagi ditinggalkan. Diriwayatkan bahwa Nabi Muhammad saw bersabda:

"Salat itu adalah tiang agama. Barangsiapa yang mendirikannya maka ia telah menegakkan agama, dan barangsiapa yang meninggalkannya maka ia telah meruntuhkan agama." (Riwayat al-Baihaqi dari Umar r.a.)