Surah 14 · 14:49
Surah Ibrahim 14:49
Ibrahim · Abraham
وَتَرَى
Watara almujrimeena yawma-ithinmuqarraneena fee al-asfad
And you will see the criminals that Day bound together in irons,
Dan pada hari itu engkau akan melihat orang yang berdosa bersama-sama diikat dengan belenggu.
Tafsir
Ibn Kathir (Abridged)
The Condition of the criminals on the Day of Resurrection
Allah said,
يَوْمَ تُبَدَّلُ الاٌّرْضُ غَيْرَ الاٌّرْضِ وَالسَّمَـوَتُ
(On the Day when the earth will be changed to another earth and so will be the heavens) `and the creations will be brought before their Lord, and you, O Muhammad, will witness the criminals who committed the crimes of Kufr and mischief,'
مُقْرِنِينَ
(Muqarranin) bound together, each with his or her like, just as Allah said,
احْشُرُواْ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ وَأَزْوَجَهُمْ
(Assemble those who did wrong, together with their companions.) 37:22
وَإِذَا النُّفُوسُ زُوِّجَتْ
(And when the souls are joined with their bodies.)81:7,
وَإَذَآ أُلْقُواْ مِنْهَا مَكَاناً ضَيِّقاً مُّقَرَّنِينَ دَعَوْاْ هُنَالِكَ ثُبُوراً
(And when they shall be thrown into a narrow place thereof, chained together, they will exclaim therein for destruction.) 25:13 and,
وَالشَّيَـطِينَ كُلَّ بَنَّآءٍ وَغَوَّاصٍ - وَءَاخَرِينَ مُقَرَّنِينَ فِى الاٌّصْفَادِ
(And also the Shayatin from the Jinn (including) every kind of builder and diver, and also others bound in fetters.)38:37-38 Allah said next,
سَرَابِيلُهُم مِّن قَطِرَانٍ
(Their garments will be of Qatiran (pitch),) that is used to coat camels. Qatadah commented that Qatiran (tar) is one of the fastest objects to catch fire. Ibn `Abbas used to say that the Qatiran, mentioned in the Ayah, is dissolved lead. It is possible that this Ayah reads as: (سَرَابِيلُهُمْ مِنْ قَطِرٍآنٍ) refering to heated lead that has reached tremendous heat, according to Mujahid, Ikrimah, Sa'id bin Jubayr Al-Hasan and Qatadah. Allah said next,
وَتَغْشَى وُجُوهَهُمْ النَّارُ
(and fire will cover their faces), which is similar to His other statement,
تَلْفَحُ وُجُوهَهُمُ النَّارُ وَهُمْ فِيهَا كَـلِحُونَ
(The Fire will burn their faces, and therein they will grin, with displaced lips.)23:104 Imam Ahmad recorded that Yahya bin Abi Ishaq said that Aban bin Yazid said that Yahya bin Abi Kathir said that Zayd bin Abi Salam said that Abu Malik Al-Ash`ari said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,
«أَرْبَعٌ فِي أُمَّتِي مِنْ أَمْرِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ لَا يَتْرُكُونَهُنَّ:الْفَخْرُ بِالْأَحْسَابِ، وَالطَّعْنُ فِي الْأَنْسَابِ، وَالْاسْتِسْقَاءُ بِالنُّجُومِ، وَالنِّيَاحَةُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ، وَالنَّائِحَةُ إِذَا لَمْ تَتُبْ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهَا، تُقَامُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَعَلَيْهَا سِرْبَالٌ مِنْ قَطِرَانٍ وَدِرْعٌ مِنْ جَرَب»
(Four characteristics from the time of Jahiliyyah will remain in my Ummah, since they will not abandon them: boasting about their family lineage, discrediting family ties, seeking rain through the stars, and wailing for their dead. Verily, if she who wails, dies before she repents from her behavior, she will be resurrected on the Day of Resurrection while wearing a dress of Qatiran and a cloak of mange.) Muslim collected this Hadith. Allah said next,
لِيَجْزِىَ اللَّهُ كُلَّ نَفْسٍ مَّا كَسَبَتْ
(That Allah may requite each person according to what he has earned.) meaning, on the Day of Resurrection. Allah said in another Ayah,
لِيَجْزِىَ الَّذِينَ أَسَاءُواْ بِمَا عَمِلُواْ
(That He may requite those who do evil with that which they have done.) 53:31 Allah said here,
إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ
(Truly, Allah is swift at reckoning.) when He wills to reckon a servants of His, for He knows everything and nothing ever escapes His observation. Verily, His power over all of His creation is the same as His power over one creature,
مَّا خَلْقُكُمْ وَلاَ بَعْثُكُمْ إِلاَّ كَنَفْسٍ وَحِدَةٍ
(The creation of you all and the resurrection of you all are only as a single person. )31:28 And this is why Mujahid said,
سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ
(swift at reckoning), means "keeping count."
Tafsir Kemenag RI
Ayat-ayat ini menerangkan keadaan manusia waktu dibangkitkan dari kubur setelah kehancuran dunia. Mereka bangkit dari kubur menuju dan berhenti di hadapan Allah Yang Maha Perkasa untuk menerima keputusan hukuman. Pada hari itu, tidak ada teman akrab yang dapat membantu dan menolong, tidak ada anak dan famili yang dapat menghibur hati dari perasaan gundah yang sedang terasa dan tidak seorangpun yang dapat berlindung diri kepada seseorang pun, kecuali kepada Tuhan Yang Mahakuasa.
Setelah Allah swt menggambarkan kekuasaan dan keperkasaan-Nya pada hari itu, Dia menggambarkan kelemahan dan ketidakberdayaan orang-orang yang berdosa waktu itu dengan menerangkan keadaan mereka yang sedang diazab, yaitu:
1. Orang yang berdosa waktu itu diikat menjadi satu dengan yang lain, mulai dari tangan sampai ke kaki mereka bersama-sama dengan sesembahan mereka waktu hidup di dunia. Keadaan mereka ini menunjukkan kesamaan sikap dan tindakan mereka sewaktu hidup di dunia. Karena sama-sama kafir kepada Allah, maka sepantasnya mereka sama-sama mendapat azab pula, sebagaimana diterangkan dalam firman-Nya:
Maka mereka (sesembahan itu) dijungkirkan ke dalam neraka bersama orang-orang yang sesat, dan bala tentara Iblis semuanya. (asy-Syuara/26: 94-95)
2. Mereka memakai pakaian yang terbuat dari aspal. Yang dimaksud oleh ayat ini bukanlah pakaian dalam arti yang sebenarnya, tetapi seluruh tubuh orang-orang yang berdosa waktu itu diliputi oleh aspal panas. Dengan demikian, dapat digambarkan empat macam azab yang sedang diderita oleh orang-orang kafir itu, yaitu aspal panas yang membakar dan menghanguskan tubuh, bergejolaklah api di tubuh, warna hitam yang mengerikan, dan bau daging yang membusuk.
3. Muka mereka dijilat api. Senada dengan ayat ini, firman Allah swt:
Pada hari mereka diseret ke neraka pada wajahnya. (Dikatakan kepada mereka), "Rasakanlah sentuhan api neraka." (al-Qamar/54: 48)
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Word by word
وَتَرَى
watarā
And you will see
ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ
l-muj'rimīna
the criminals
يَوۡمَئِذٖ
yawma-idhin
(on) that Day
مُّقَرَّنِينَ
muqarranīna
bound together
فِي
fī
in
ٱلۡأَصۡفَادِ
l-aṣfādi
the chains