Surah At-Tawbah 9:17

It is not for Idolators to maintain the Masjids of Allah

Allah says that it is not fitting that those who associate others with Allah in worship should maintain the Masjids of Allah that were built in His Name alone without partners. Those who read the Ayah, "Masjid Allah", said that it refers to Al-Masjid Al-Haram, the most honored Masjid on the earth, which was built, from the first day, for the purpose of worshipping Allah alone without partners. It was built by Khalil Ar-Rahman (the Prophet Ibrahim) peace be upon him. The idolators do this while they themselves testify to their disbelief with their statements and actions. As-Suddi said, "If you ask a Christian, `What is your religion', He will tell you he is a Christian. If you ask a Jew about his religion, he will say he is a Jew, and the same for a Sabi' and a Mushrik!"'

(The works of such are in vain), because of their Shirk,

(and in Fire shall they abide.) Allah said in another Ayah,

(And why should not Allah punish them while they hinder (men) from Al-Masjid Al-Haram, and they are not its guardians None can be its guardians except those with Taqwa, but most of them know not.)8:34.

Believers are the True Maintainers of the Masjids

Allah said,

(The Masjids of Allah shall be maintained only by those who believe in Allah and the Last Day.) Therefore, Allah testifies to the faith of those who maintain the Masjids. `Abdur-Razzaq narrated that `Amr bin Maymun Al-Awdi said, "I met the Companions of the Prophet and they were saying, `The Masjids are the Houses of Allah on the earth. It is a promise from Allah that He is generous to those who visit Him in the Masjids.," Allah said next,

(perform the Salah), one of the major acts of worship practiced by the body,

(and give the Zakah), which is the best act that benefits other people,

(and fear none but Allah), they fear only Allah, the Exalted, and none else,

(It is they who are on true guidance.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn `Abbas said about Allah's statement,

(The Masjids of Allah shall be maintained only by those who believe in Allah and the Last Day;) "He who singles out Allah (in worship), has faith in the Last Day." And he said; "He who believes in what Allah has revealed,

(perform the Salah), establishes the five daily prayers,

(and fear none but Allah.), worships Allah alone,

(it may be they who are on true guidance.) Allah says, `It is they who are the successful ones in truth.' Similarly, Allah said to His Prophet ,

(It may be that your Lord will raise you to Maqam Mahmud)17:79. Allah says here, `Your Lord (O Muhammad) shall grant you a station of praise, that is, the intercession (on the Day of Resurrection).' Every `might' in the Qur'an means `shall'."

Ayat ini menerangkan bahwa tidak pantas bagi kaum musyrikin memakmurkan Masjidilharam dan mesjid-mesjid lainnya. Memakmurkan mesjid Allah hanyalah dengan menjadikan tempat itu untuk mengesakan dan mengagungkan Allah serta menaati-Nya. Hal ini dilakukan hanya oleh orang-orang mukmin. Memakmurkan mesjid, ialah membangunnya, mengurusnya, menghidupkannya dengan amal ibadah yang diridai Allah. Memakmurkan yang dilarang untuk orang bukan Muslim, ialah penguasaan terhadap mesjid, seperti menjadi pengurusnya. Adapun mempergunakan tenaga orang bukan Muslim untuk membangun mesjid, seperti memakai tukang bangunan dan sebagainya tidak dilarang. Begitu juga kaum Muslimin boleh menerima mesjid yang dibangun oleh orang bukan Muslim atau yang membangunnya diwasiatkan oleh orang bukan Muslim, atau memperbaiki-nya selama tidak mengandung tujuan yang membikin mudarat kepada kaum Muslimin.

Sekalipun para mufasir berbeda pendapat tentang mesjid yang dimaksud dalam ayat ini, apakah Masjidilharam saja, sesuai dengan turunnya ayat ini, seperti tersebut pada permulaan tafsir ayat ini, dan sesuai pula dengan bacaan sebagian ulama qira'at yang membacakan dengan masjid artinya lafal mufrad (tunggal) yaitu Masjidilharam, atau yang dimaksud semua mesjid Allah, sesuai dengan lafal jamak masajid. Tetapi semua pendapat, baik Masjidlharam ataupun mesjid-mesjid lainnya, tidak pantas dan tidak boleh bagi musyrikin untuk memakmurkannya.

Selanjutnya pada ayat ini Allah menerangkan bahwa amal dan pekerjaan orang-orang kafir yang mereka bangga-banggakan, yaitu memakmurkan Masjidilharam, memberi minum orang-orang haji, dan lain-lain akan sia-sia selama mereka di dalam kesyirikan. Firman Allah:

Sekiranya mereka mempersekutukan Allah, pasti lenyaplah amalan yang telah mereka kerjakan. (al-Anam/6: 88)

Akhir ayat ini menerangkan bahwa orang-orang musyrik itu kekal dalam neraka, karena tidak ada amal mereka di dunia yang berguna dan dapat menolong mereka di hari akhirat.