Surah An-Nasr 110:3

The Virtues of Surat An-Nasr

It has been mentioned previously that it (Surat An-Nasr) is equivalent to one-fourth of the Qur'an and that Surat Az-Zalzalah is equivalent to one-fourth of the Qur'an. An-Nasa'i recorded from `Ubaydullah bin `Abdullah bin `Utbah that Ibn `Abbas said to him, "O Ibn `Utbah! Do you know the last Surah of the Qur'an that was revealed" He answered, "Yes, it was

إِذَا جَآءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ

(When there comes the help of Allah and the Conquest.) (110:1)" He (Ibn `Abbas) He (Ibn `Abbas) said, "You have spoken truthfully."

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

This Surah informs of the Completion of the Life of Allah's Messenger ﷺ

Al-Bukhari recorded from Ibn `Abbas that he said, "Umar used to bring me into the gatherings with the old men of (the battle of) Badr. However, it was as if one of them felt something in himself (against my attending). So he said, `Why do you (`Umar) bring this (youth) to sit with us when we have children like him (i.e., his age)' So `Umar replied, `Verily, he is among those whom you know. Then one day he called them and invited me to sit with them, and I do not think that he invited me to be among them that day except to show them. So he said, `What do you say about Allah's statement,

إِذَا جَآءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ

(When there comes the help of Allah and the Conquest.)' Some of them said, `We were commanded to praise Allah and seek His forgiveness when He helps us and gives us victory.' Some of them remained silent and did not say anything. Then he (`Umar) said to me, `Is this what you say, O Ibn `Abbas' I said, `No.' He then said, `What do you say' I said, `It was the end of the life of Allah's Messenger ﷺ that Allah was informing him of. Allah said,

إِذَا جَآءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ

(When there comes the help of Allah and the Conquest.) which means, that is a sign of the end of your life.

فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوِبَا

(So, glorify the praises of your Lord, and ask His forgiveness. Verily, He is the One Who accepts the repentance and Who forgives.)' So, `Umar bin Al-Khattab said, `I do not know anything about it other than what you have said."' Al-Bukhari was alone in recording this Hadith. Imam Ahmad recorded from Ibn `Abbas that he said, "When

إِذَا جَآءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ

(When there comes the help of Allah and the Conquest.) was revealed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,

«نُعِيَتْ إِلَيَّ نَفْسِي»

(My death has been announced to me.) And indeed he died during that year." Ahmad was alone in recording this Hadith. Al-Bukhari recorded that `A'ishah said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say often in his bowing and prostrating,

«سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا وَبِحَمْدِكَ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي»

(Glory to You, O Allah, our Lord, and praise be to You. O Allah, forgive me.) He did this as his interpretation of the Qur'an (i.e., showing its implementation)." The rest of the group has also recorded this Hadith except for At-Tirmidhi. Imam Ahmad recorded from Masruq that `A'ishah said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to often say towards the end of his life,

«سُبْحَانَ اللهِ وَبِحَمْدِهِ، أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللهَ وَأَتُوبُ إِلَيْه»

(Glory to Allah, and praise be unto Him. I seek Allah's forgiveness and I repent to Him.) And he said,

«إِنَّ رَبِّي كَانَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنِّي سَأَرَى عَلَامَةً فِي أُمَّتِي، وَأَمَرَنِي إِذَا رَأَيْتُهَا أَنْ أُسَبِّحَ بِحَمْدِهِ وَأَسْتَغْفِرَهُ، إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّابًا، فَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهَا:

إِذَا جَآءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ - وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِى دِينِ اللَّهِ أَفْوَجاً - فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوِبَا »

(Verily, my Lord has informed me that I will see a sign in my Ummah and He has commanded me that when I see it, I should glorify His praises and seek His forgiveness, for He is the One Who accepts repentance. And indeed I have seen it (i.e., the sign). (When there comes the help of Allah and the Conquest (Al-Fath). And you see that the people enter Allah's religion in crowds. So glorify the praises of your Lord, and ask His forgiveness. Verily, He is the One Who accepts the repentance and Who forgives.))" Muslim also recorded this Hadith. The meaning of Al-Fath here is the conquest of Makkah, and there is only one view concerning it. For indeed the different areas of the Arabs were waiting for the conquest of Makkah before they would accept Islam. They said, "If he (Muhammad ﷺ is victorious over his people, then he is a (true) Prophet." So when Allah gave him victory over Makkah, they entered into the religion of Allah (Islam) in crowds. Thus, two years did not pass (after the conquest of Makkah) before the peninsula of the Arabs was laden with faith. And there did not remain any of the tribes of the Arabs except that they professed (their acceptance) of Islam. And all praise and blessings are due to Allah. Al-Bukhari recorded in his Sahih that `Amr bin Salamah said, "When Makkah was conquered, all of the people rushed to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to profess their Islam. The various regions were delaying their acceptance of Islam until Makkah was conquered. The people used to say, `Leave him and his people alone. If he is victorious over them he is a (true) Prophet."' We have researched the war expedition for conquest of Makkah in our book As-Surah. Therefore, whoever wishes he may review it there. And all praise and blessings are due to Allah.Imam Ahmad recorded from Abu `Ammar that a neighbor of Jabir bin `Abdullah told him, "I returned from a journey and Jabir bin `Abdullah came and greeted me. So I began to talk with him about the divisions among the people and what they had started doing. Thus, Jabir began to cry and he said, `I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying,

«إِنَّ النَّاسَ دَخَلُوا فِي دِينِ اللهِ أَفْوَاجًا، وَسَيَخْرُجُونَ مِنْهُ أَفْوَاجًا»

(Verily, the people have entered into the religion of Allah in crowds and they will also leave it in crowds.)" This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat An-Nasr, and all praise and blessings are due to Allah.

Bila yang demikian itu telah terjadi, Nabi diperintahkan untuk mengagungkan dan mensucikan Tuhannya dari hal-hal yang tidak layak bagi-Nya, seperti menganggap terlambat datangnya pertolongan dan mengira bahwa Tuhan tidak menepati janji-Nya menolong Nabi atas orang-orang kafir.

Menyucikan Allah hendaknya dengan memuji-Nya atas nikmat-nikmat yang dianugerahkan-Nya dan mensyukuri segala kebaikan-kebaikan yang telah dilimpahkan-Nya dan menyanjung-Nya dengan sepantasnya. Bila Allah Yang Mahakuasa dan Mahabijaksana memberi kesempatan kepada orang-orang kafir, bukanlah berarti Dia telah menyia-nyiakan pahala orang-orang yang beramal baik.

Kemudian Nabi Muhammad dianjurkan untuk meminta ampun kepada Allah untuk dirinya dan sahabat-sahabatnya yang telah memperlihatkan kesedihan dan keputusasaan karena merasa pertolongan Allah terlambat datangnya. Bertobat dari keluh-kesah adalah dengan mempercayai penuh akan janji-janji Allah dan membersihkan jiwa dari pemikiran yang bukan-bukan bila menghadapi kesulitan. Hal ini walaupun berat untuk jiwa manusia biasa, tetapi ringan untuk Nabi Muhammad sebagai insan kamil (manusia sempurna). Oleh sebab itu, Allah menyuruh Nabi saw memohon ampunan-Nya.

Keadaan ini terjadi pula pada para sahabat yang memiliki jiwa yang sempurna dan menerima tobat mereka, karena Allah selalu menerima tobat hamba-hamba-Nya. Allah mendidik hamba-hamba-Nya melalui bermacam-macam cobaan dan bila merasa tidak sanggup menghadapinya harus memohon bantuan-Nya serta yakin akan datangnya bantuan itu. Bila ia selalu melakukan yang demikian niscaya menjadi kuat dan sempurnalah jiwanya.

Maksudnya, bila pertolongan telah tiba dan telah mencapai kemenangan serta manusia berbondong-bondong masuk Islam, hilanglah ketakutan dan hendaklah Nabi saw bertasbih menyucikan Tuhannya dan mensyukuri-Nya serta membersihkan jiwa dari pemikiran-pemikiran yang terjadi pada masa kesulitan. Dengan demikian, keluh-kesah dan rasa kecewa tidak lagi akan mempengaruhi jiwa orang-orang yang ikhlas selagi mereka memiliki keikhlasan dan berada dalam persesuaian kata dan cinta sama cinta.

Dengan turunnya Surah an-Nasr ini, Nabi memahami bahwa tugas risalahnya telah selesai dan selanjutnya ia hanya menunggu panggilan pulang ke rahmatullah.

Ibnu 'AbbAs berkata: "Ketika turun ayat Idha jaa nasrullahi wal fath, Rasulullah saw memanggil Fatimah, lalu berkata: "Kematian diriku sudah dekat." Fatimah pun menangis. Rasulullah saw berkata, "Jangan menangis, karea kamu adalah anggota pertama dari keluargaku yang akan menyusulku." Fatimah pun tertawa bahagia (mendengarnya). Para istri Nabi saw yang melihat hal itu berkata, "Wahai Fatimah, kami melihatmu menangis lalu tertawa." Fatimah berkata, "Rasulullah saw memberitahuku bahwa kematian dirinya telah dekat, maka aku menangis. Namun, beliau mengatakan, "Jangan menangis, karena kamu adalah anggota pertama dari keluargaku yang akan menyusulku." Maka aku pun tertawa bahagia. (Riwayat al- Darimi)

Ibnu 'Umar berkata, "Surah ini turun di Mina ketika Nabi mengerjakan Haji Wada', sesudah itu turun firman Allah:

Pada hari ini telah Aku sempurnakan agamamu untukmu, dan telah Aku cukupkan nikmat-Ku bagimu, dan telah Aku ridai Islam sebagai agamamu. (al-Ma'idah/5: 3)

Nabi hidup hanya delapan puluh hari setelah turun ayat ini. Kemudian setelah itu, turun ayat Kalalah, dan Nabi hidup sesudahnya lima puluh hari. Setelah itu turun ayat:

Sungguh, telah datang kepadamu seorang rasul dari kaummu sendiri. (at-Taubah/9:128)

Maka Nabi saw hidup sesudahnya tiga puluh lima hari. Kemudian turun firman Allah:

Dan takutlah pada hari (ketika) kamu semua dikembalikan kepada Allah. (al Baqarah/2: 281)

Maka Nabi saw hidup sesudahnya hanya dua puluh satu hari saja.