Surah Al-Mu'minun 23:91

Allah has no Partner or Associate

Allah declares Himself to be above having any child or partner in dominion, control and worship. He says:

(No son did Allah beget, nor is there any god along with Him. (If there had been many gods), then each god would have taken away what he had created, and some would have tried to overcome others.) meaning, if it were decreed that there should be a plurality of deities, each of them would have exclusive control over whatever he had created, so there would never be any order in the universe. But what we see is that the universe is ordered and cohesive, with the upper and lower realms connected to one another in the most perfect fashion.

(you can see no fault in the creation of the Most Gracious) 65:3. Moreover, if there were a number of gods, each of them would try to subdue the other with enmity, and one would prevail over the other. This has been mentioned by the scholars of `Ilm-ul-Kalam, who discussed it using the evidence of mutual resistance or counteraction. This idea states that if there were two or more creators, one would want to make a body move while the other would want to keep it immobile, and if neither of them could achieve what they wanted, then both would be incapable, but the One Whose existence is essential i.e., Allah cannot be incapable. It is impossible for the will of both to be fulfilled because of the conflict. This dilemma only arises when a plurality of gods is suggested, so it is impossible for there to be such a plurality, because if the will of one is fulfilled and not the other, the one who prevails will be the one whose existence is essential (i.e., God) and the one who is prevailed over will be merely possible (i.e., he is not divine), because it is not befitting for the one to be defeated whose existence is essential. Allah says:

(and some would have tried to overcome others! Glorified be Allah above all that they attribute to Him!) meaning, high above all that the stubborn wrongdoers say when they claim that He has a son or partner.

(All-Knower of the unseen and the seen!) means, He knows what is hidden from His creatures and what they see.

(Exalted be He over all that they associate as partners to Him!) means, sanctified and glorified and exalted be He above all that the wrongdoers and liars say.

Ayat ini menolak dakwaan kaum musyrik bahwa para malaikat itu adalah putri-putri Allah dengan menerangkan bahwa Allah sekali-kali tidak mempunyai anak, karena Dia Mahakaya, Mahakuasa dan Mahakekal, tidak memerlukan keturunan seperti halnya manusia. Manusia memang banyak memerlukan anak yang akan melanjutkan keturunannya, dan bila dia sudah tua dan tidak berdaya lagi maka anak-anaknya itulah yang akan membantu dan menolongnya. Dan bila dia mati maka anak-anaknya pulalah yang akan melanjutkan usaha dan profesinya dan mengangkat namanya di kalangan masyarakatnya. Allah Yang Mahakuasa, Mahakaya dan Mahakekal tidak memerlukan semua itu.

Allah tidak ditimpa kelelahan karena Dia Mahakuat, tidak akan ditimpa kematian karena Dia Mahakekal, Dia tidak akan ditimpa kemiskinan karena Dia Mahakaya, milik-Nyalah semua yang ada di langit dan di bumi. Alangkah bodohnya kaum musyrikin yang menyamakan Allah dengan manusia yang amat lemah dan miskin, atau kalau mereka tidak bodoh maka mereka adalah pendusta besar karena yang diucapkannya itu bertentangan sama sekali dengan pikiran orang-orang berakal.

Sungguh amat lemah pikiran orang yang mengatakan bahwa Allah mempunyai anak atau mempunyai sekutu. Mahasuci Allah dari segala anggapan dan tuduhan yang tidak masuk akal itu.