Surah 5 · 5:116

Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:116

Al-Ma'idah · The Table Spread

وَإِذْ قَالَ ٱللَّهُ يَـٰعِيسَى ٱبْنَ مَرْيَمَ ءَأَنتَ قُلْتَ لِلنَّاسِ ٱتَّخِذُونِى وَأُمِّىَ إِلَـٰهَيْنِ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ‌ۖ قَالَ سُبْحَـٰنَكَ مَا يَكُونُ لِىٓ أَنْ أَقُولَ مَا لَيْسَ لِى بِحَقٍّ‌ۚ إِن كُنتُ قُلْتُهُۥ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتَهُۥۚ تَعْلَمُ مَا فِى نَفْسِى وَلَآ أَعْلَمُ مَا فِى نَفْسِكَ‌ۚ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ عَلَّـٰمُ ٱلْغُيُوبِ

Wa-ith qala Allahu yaAAeesa ibna maryama aanta qulta linnasiittakhithoonee waommiya ilahayni min dooni Allahiqala subhanaka ma yakoonu lee an aqoola malaysa lee bihaqqin in kuntu qultuhu faqad AAalimtahutaAAlamu ma fee nafsee wala aAAlamu ma feenafsika innaka anta AAallamu alghuyoob

And [beware the Day] when Allāh will say, "O Jesus, Son of Mary, did you say to the people, 'Take me and my mother as deities besides Allāh?'" He will say, "Exalted are You! It was not for me to say that to which I have no right. If I had said it, You would have known it. You know what is within myself, and I do not know what is within Yourself. Indeed, it is You who is Knower of the unseen.

Dan (ingatlah) ketika Allah berfirman, "Wahai Isa putra Maryam! Engkaukah yang mengatakan kepada orang-orang, Jadikanlah aku dan ibuku sebagai dua Tuhan selain Allah?" (Isa) menjawab, "Maha Suci Engkau, tidak patut bagiku mengatakan apa yang bukan hakku. Jika aku pernah mengatakannya tentulah Engkau telah mengetahuinya. Engkau mengetahui apa yang ada pada diriku dan aku tidak mengetahui apa yang ada pada-Mu. Sungguh, Engkaulah Yang Maha Mengetahui segala yang gaib."

SurahAl-Ma'idah
Juz7
Page127
Revelationmadinah

Tafsir

Ibn Kathir (Abridged)

`Isa Rejects Shirk and Affirms Tawhid

Allah will also speak to His servant and Messenger, `Isa son of Maryam, peace be upon him, saying to him on the Day of Resurrection in the presence of those who worshipped `Isa and his mother as gods besides Allah,

يعِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ أَءَنتَ قُلتَ لِلنَّاسِ اتَّخِذُونِى وَأُمِّىَ إِلَـهَيْنِ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ

(O `Isa, son of Maryam! Did you say unto men: `Worship me and my mother as two gods besides Allah') This is a threat and a warning to Christians, chastising them in public, as Qatadah and others said, and Qatadah mentioned this Ayah as evidence,

هَـذَا يَوْمُ يَنفَعُ الصَّـدِقِينَ صِدْقُهُمْ

("This is a Day on which the truthful will profit from their truth.") 5:119 Allah's statement,

سُبْحَـنَكَ مَا يَكُونُ لِى أَنْ أَقُولَ مَا لَيْسَ لِى بِحَقٍّ

(Glory be to You! It was not for me to say what I had no right (to say)...) contains Allah's direction for `Isa to utter the perfect answer. Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Abu Hurayrah said, "`Isa will be taught his argument in reply to what Allah will ask him,

وَإِذْ قَالَ اللَّهُ يعِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ أَءَنتَ قُلتَ لِلنَّاسِ اتَّخِذُونِى وَأُمِّىَ إِلَـهَيْنِ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ

(And (remember) when Allah will say (on the Day of Resurrection): "O `Isa, son of Maryam! Did you say unto men: `Worship me and my mother as two gods besides Allah') 5:116." Abu Hurayrah then narrated that the Prophet said that Allah taught `Isa to say,

سُبْحَـنَكَ مَا يَكُونُ لِى أَنْ أَقُولَ مَا لَيْسَ لِى بِحَقٍّ

(Glory be to You! It was not for me to say what I had no right (to say)...) Ath-Thawri narrated this Hadith from Ma`mar from Ibn Tawus from Tawus. `Isa's statement,

إِن كُنتُ قُلْتُهُ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتَهُ

(Had I said such a thing, You would surely have known it.) means, had I said it, You, my Lord, would have known it, for nothing escapes Your knowledge. Rather, I have not said these words nor did the thought even cross my mind, this why he said,

تَعۡلَمُ مَا فِى نَفۡسِى وَلَآ أَعۡلَمُ مَا فِى نَفۡسِكَ‌ۚ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ عَلَّـٰمُ ٱلۡغُيُوبِ • مَا قُلۡتُ لَهُمۡ إِلَّا مَآ أَمَرۡتَنِى بِهِ

(You know what is in my inner self though I do not know what is in Yours, truly, You, only You, are the Knower of all that is hidden and unseen. Never did I say to them ought except what You (Allah) did command me to say...) and convey,

أَنِ اعْبُدُواْ اللَّهَ رَبِّى وَرَبَّكُمْ

(Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord.) I only called them to what You sent me with and commanded me to convey to them,

أَنِ اعْبُدُواْ اللَّهَ رَبِّى وَرَبَّكُمْ

(Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord) and this is what I conveyed to them,

وَكُنتُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَهِيداً مَّا دُمْتُ فِيهِمْ

(And I was a witness over them while I dwelled amongst them,) I was a witness over what they did when I was amongst them,

فَلَمَّا تَوَفَّيْتَنِى كُنتَ أَنتَ الرَّقِيبَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَنتَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ شَهِيدٌ

(but when You took me up, You were the Watcher over them, and You are a Witness to all things.) Abu Dawud At-Tayalisi recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up once and gave us a speech in which he said,

«يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّكُمْ مَحْشُورُونَ إِلَى اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ حُفَاةً، عُرَاةً، غُرْلا»

ا (O people! You will be gathered to Allah while barefooted, naked and uncircumcised;

كَمَا بَدَأْنَآ أَوَّلَ خَلْقٍ نُّعِيدُهُ

(As We began the first creation, We shall repeat it.)

«وَإِنَّ أَوَّلَ الْخَلَائِقِ يُكْسَى يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ، أَلَا وَإِنَّهُ يُجَاءُ بِرِجَالٍ مِنْ أُمَّتِي فَيُؤْخَذُ بِهِمْ ذَاتَ الشِّمَالِ، فَأَقُولُ: أَصْحَابِي، فَيُقَالُ:إِنَّكَ لَا تَدْرِي مَا أَحْدَثُوا بَعْدَكَ، فَأَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَ الْعَبْدُ الصَّالِح»

The first among the creation who will be covered with clothes will be Ibrahim. Some men from my Ummah will be brought and taken to the left (to the Fire) and I will yell, `They are my followers!' It will be said, `You do not know what they innvovated after you (in religion).' So I will say just as the righteous servant (`Isa) said,

مَا قُلْتُ لَهُمْ إِلاَّ مَآ أَمَرْتَنِى بِهِ أَنِ اعْبُدُواْ اللَّهَ رَبِّى وَرَبَّكُمْ وَكُنتُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَهِيداً مَّا دُمْتُ فِيهِمْ فَلَمَّا تَوَفَّيْتَنِى كُنتَ أَنتَ الرَّقِيبَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَنتَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ شَهِيدٌ - إِن تُعَذِّبْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ عِبَادُكَ وَإِن تَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ أَنتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ

(And I was a witness over them while I dwelled amongst them, but when You took me up, You were the Watcher over them, and You are a Witness to all things. If You punish them, they are Your servants, and if You forgive them, verily You, only You are the Almighty, the All-Wise.)

«فَيُقَالُ: إِنَّ هؤُلَاءِ لَمْ يَزَالُوا مُرْتَدِّينَ عَلَى أَعْقَابِهِمْ مُنْذُ فَارَقْتَهُم»

(It will further be said, `These people kept reverting back on their heels after you left them.')" Al-Bukhari also recorded this Hadith in the explanation of this Ayah. Allah said;

إِن تُعَذِّبْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ عِبَادُكَ وَإِن تَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ أَنتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ

(If You punish them, they are Your servants, and if You forgive them, verily You, only You are the Almighty, the All-Wise.) All matters refer back to Allah, for He does what He Wills and none can question Him about what He does, while He will question them. This Ayah also shows the crime of the Christians who invented a lie against Allah and His Messenger, thus making a rival, wife and son for Allah. Allah is glorified in that He is far above what they attribute to Him. So this Ayah 5:118 has tremendous value and delivers unique news.

قَالَ اللَّهُ هَـذَا يَوْمُ يَنفَعُ الصَّـدِقِينَ صِدْقُهُمْ لَهُمْ جَنَّـتٌ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا الاٌّنْهَـرُ خَـلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَداً رَّضِىَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُواْ عَنْهُ ذلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ - للَّهِ مُلْكُ السَّمَـوَتِ وَالاٌّرْضِ وَمَا فِيهِنَّ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ

Tafsir Kemenag RI

Pada ayat ini, Allah berkata, apakah Isa dan ibunya telah menyatakan dirinya sebagai tuhan. Isa menyatakan bahwa pernyataan di atas adalah tidak benar, karena dia tidaklah berhak menyatakan sesuatu yang tidak patut bagi dirinya dan ibunya. Allah menanyakan hal demikian itu kepada Isa walaupun Allah mengetahui apa yang sebenarnya terjadi, agar Isa di hari Kiamat itu menyatakan di hadapan para rasul dan umat manusia bahwa hanya Allah-lah yang berhak disembah, serta dia menjelaskan kesalahan umatnya yang memandang dirinya dan ibunya sebagai Tuhan. Semua ibadah hanya ditujukan kepada Allah. Ayat ini memberikan peringatan kepada orang-orang Nasrani yang hidup kemudian atas kesalahan dan kekeliruan akidah mereka. Banyak macam ibadah dan doa yang dilakukan oleh orang Nasrani ditujukan kepada Isa dan ibunya, baik yang khusus untuk Isa dan ibunya masing-masing, maupun ibadah mempersekutukan mereka dengan Allah. Semua ibadah seperti itu tidak dapat dibenarkan, karena segala ibadah itu haruslah ditujukan kepada Allah saja. Firman Allah:

Padahal mereka hanya diperintah menyembah Allah dengan ikhlas menaati-Nya semata-mata karena (menjalankan) agama¦ (al-Bayyinah/98: 5)

Tiada Tuhan selain Allah yang berhak disembah hamba. Nabi Isa menjawab pertanyaan Allah tentang ibadah dan kepercayaan yang ditujukan kepada dirinya dan ibunya dengan jawaban yang diawali kata "Subhanaka" artinya "Engkau Mahasuci", maksudnya mustahil ada Tuhan selain Allah.

Nabi Isa menegaskan baik dirinya sendiri atau orang lain, tidaklah berhak untuk mengatakan sesuatu yang tidak patut bagi dirinya dan ibunya. Tidak terlintas sedikit pun dalam pikiran Nabi Isa untuk menyatakan dirinya atau ibunya sebagai tuhan, karena ia diutus kepada manusia untuk membimbing mereka ke jalan yang lurus yakni agama tauhid. Sekiranya Nabi Isa menyatakan pengakuannya sebagai Tuhan, atau terlintas dalam pikirannya, tentulah Allah lebih mengetahuinya, karena Dia Maha Mengetahui apa yang tersembunyi dalam pikiran manusia, terlebih apa yang diungkapkannya. Manusia tidak mengetahui apa yang disembunyikan Allah kecuali jika Dia memberitahukannya dengan perantaraan wahyu. Sesungguhnya hanya Allah sendiri yang Maha Mengetahui segala yang gaib; Ilmu-Nya meliputi segala yang pernah terjadi, yang sedang terjadi, dan yang akan terjadi.

Allah menanyakan apakah Nabi Isa menyatakan diri dan ibunya sebagai Tuhan, karena orang-orang Nasrani di Najran banyak yang menganggap Isa dan ibunya sebagai Tuhan (Alusi V;94). Yang penting ayat ini merupakan jawaban Nabi Isa yang dengan tegas tidak pernah menyatakan diri dan ibunya sebagai Tuhan. Jawaban ini perlu untuk diketahui oleh murid-murid Nabi Isa maupun semua pengikutnya.

Tafsir is bundled locally for static rendering. Verify redistribution rights for Ibn Kathir and Tafsir Kemenag before production release.

Word by word

وَإِذۡ

wa-idh

And when

قَالَ

qāla

said

ٱللَّهُ

l-lahu

Allah

يَٰعِيسَى

yāʿīsā

O Isa

ٱبۡنَ

ib'na

son

مَرۡيَمَ

maryama

(of) Maryam

ءَأَنتَ

a-anta

Did you

قُلۡتَ

qul'ta

say

لِلنَّاسِ

lilnnāsi

to the people

ٱتَّخِذُونِي

ittakhidhūnī

Take me

وَأُمِّيَ

wa-ummiya

and my mother

إِلَٰهَيۡنِ

ilāhayni

(as) two gods

مِن

min

from

دُونِ

dūni

besides

ٱللَّهِۖ

l-lahi

Allah

قَالَ

qāla

He said

سُبۡحَٰنَكَ

sub'ḥānaka

Glory be to You

مَا

Not

يَكُونُ

yakūnu

was

لِيٓ

for me

أَنۡ

an

that

أَقُولَ

aqūla

I say

مَا

what

لَيۡسَ

laysa

not

لِي

I

بِحَقٍّۚ

biḥaqqin

(had) right

إِن

in

If

كُنتُ

kuntu

I had

قُلۡتُهُۥ

qul'tuhu

said it

فَقَدۡ

faqad

then surely

عَلِمۡتَهُۥۚ

ʿalim'tahu

You would have known it

تَعۡلَمُ

taʿlamu

You know

مَا

what

فِي

(is) in

نَفۡسِي

nafsī

myself

وَلَآ

walā

and not

أَعۡلَمُ

aʿlamu

I know

مَا

what

فِي

(is) in

نَفۡسِكَۚ

nafsika

Yourself

إِنَّكَ

innaka

Indeed, You

أَنتَ

anta

You

عَلَّٰمُ

ʿallāmu

(are) All-Knower

ٱلۡغُيُوبِ

l-ghuyūbi

(of) the unseen