Surah Al-Hajj 22:58

The Great Reward for Those Who migrate in the Cause of Allah

Allah tells us that those who migrate for the sake of Allah, seeking to earn His pleasure and that which is with Him, leaving behind their homelands, families and friends, leaving their countries for the sake of Allah and His Messenger to support His religion, then they are killed, i.e., in Jihad, or they die, i.e., they pass away without being involved in fighting, they will have earned an immense reward. As Allah says:

وَمَن يَخْرُجْ مِن بَيْتِهِ مُهَـجِراً إِلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ثُمَّ يُدْرِكْهُ الْمَوْتُ فَقَدْ وَقَعَ أَجْرُهُ عَلىَ اللَّهِ

(And whosoever leaves his home as an emigrant unto Allah and His Messenger, and death overtakes him, his reward is then surely incumbent upon Allah) 4:100

لَيَرْزُقَنَّهُمُ اللَّهُ رِزْقاً حَسَناً

(surely, Allah will provide a good provision for them.) means, He will reward them from His bounty and provision in Paradise with that which will bring them joy.

وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَهُوَ خَيْرُ الرَزِقِينَ

لَيُدْخِلَنَّهُمْ مُّدْخَلاً يَرْضَوْنَهُ

(And verily, it is Allah Who indeed is the Best of those who make provision. Truly, He will make them enter an entrance with which they shall be well-pleased,) This means Paradise, as Allah says elsewhere:

فَأَمَّآ إِن كَانَ مِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ - فَرَوْحٌ وَرَيْحَانٌ وَجَنَّـتُ نَعِيمٍ

(Then, if he be of those brought near (to Allah), rest and provision, and a Garden of Delights.) 56:88-89. Allah tells us that He will grant him rest and provision and a Garden of Delights, as He tells us here:

لَيَرْزُقَنَّهُمُ اللَّهُ رِزْقاً حَسَناً

(surely, Allah will provide a good provision for them.) Then He says:

لَيُدْخِلَنَّهُمْ مُّدْخَلاً يَرْضَوْنَهُ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَعَلِيمٌ

(Truly, He will make them enter an entrance with which they shall be well-pleased, and verily, Allah indeed is All-Knowing,) meaning, He is All-Knowing about those who migrate and strive in Jihad for His sake and who deserve that (reward).

حَلِيمٌ

(Most Forbearing,) means, He forgives and overlooks their sins, and He accepts as expiation for their sins, their migration (Hijrah) and their putting their trust in Him. Concerning those who are killed for the sake of Allah, whether they are Muhajirs (migrants) or otherwise, they are alive with their Lord and are being provided for, as Allah says:

وَلاَ تَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ قُتِلُواْ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ أَمْوَتاً بَلْ أَحْيَاءٌ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ يُرْزَقُونَ

(Think not of those as dead who are killed in the way of Allah. Nay, they are alive, with their Lord, and they have provision) 3:169. There are many Hadiths on this topic, as stated previously. With regard to those who die for the sake of Allah, whether they are emigrants or not. This Ayah and the Sahih Hadiths guarantee that they will be well provided for and that Allah will show them kindness. Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Shurahbil bin As-Simt said: "We spent a long time besieging a stronghold in the land of the Romans. Salman Al-Farisi, may Allah be pleased with him, passed by me and said, `I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say:

«مَنْ مَاتَ مُرَابِطًا أَجْرَى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ الْأَجْرِ، وَأَجْرَى عَلَيْهِ الرِّزْقَ، وَأَمِنَ مِنَ الفَتَّانِينَ، وَاقْرَؤُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ:

وَالَّذِينَ هَاجَرُواْ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ قُتِلُواْ أَوْ مَاتُواْ لَيَرْزُقَنَّهُمُ اللَّهُ رِزْقاً حَسَناً وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَهُوَ خَيْرُ الرَزِقِينَ - لَيُدْخِلَنَّهُمْ مُّدْخَلاً يَرْضَوْنَهُ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَعَلِيمٌ حَلِيمٌ »

(Whoever dies guarding the borders of Islam, Allah will give him a reward like that reward (of martyr) and will provide for him and keep him safe from trials. Recite, if you wish: (Those who emigrated in the cause of Allah and after that were killed or died, surely, Allah will provide a good provision for them. And verily, it is Allah Who indeed is the Best of those who make provision. Truly, He will make them enter an entrance with which they shall be well-pleased, and verily, Allah indeed is All-Knowing, Most Forbearing))" He also recorded that `Abdur-Rahman bin Jahdam Al-Khawlani was with Fadalah bin `Ubayd when they accompanied with two funerals, at (an island of) sea one of whom had been struck by a catapult, and the other had passed away. Fadalah bin `Ubayd sat by the grave of the man who had passed away and someone said to him, "Are you neglecting the martyr and not sitting by his grave" He said, "I would not mind which of these two graves Allah would resurrect me from, for Allah says:

وَالَّذِينَ هَاجَرُواْ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ قُتِلُواْ أَوْ مَاتُواْ لَيَرْزُقَنَّهُمُ اللَّهُ رِزْقاً حَسَناً

(Those who emigrated in the cause of Allah and after that were killed or died, surely, Allah will provide a good provision for them.)" And he recited these two Ayat, then said, "What should I seek, O you servant, if I were to enter an entrance to His pleasure, and be provided good provisions By Allah, I would not mind which of these two graves Allah would resurrect me from."

ذلِكَ وَمَنْ عَاقَبَ بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبَ بِهِ

(That is so. And whoever has retaliated with the like of that which he was made to suffer....) Muqatil bin Hayan and Ibn Jurayj mentioned that this was revealed about a skirmish in which the Companions encountered some of the idolators. The Muslims urged them not to fight during the Sacred Months, but the idolators insisted on fighting and initiated the aggression. So the Muslims fought them and Allah granted them victory.

إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَعَفُوٌّ غَفُورٌ

(Verily, Allah indeed is Oft-Pardoning, Oft-Forgiving.)

Ayat ini menerangkan bahwa semua orang yang hijrah di jalan Allah, meninggalkan kampung halamannya, meninggalkan keluarga dan harta bendanya, hanya untuk mencari rida Allah, dengan tujuan menegakkan agama Islam bersama Nabi Muhammad saw. Kemudian mereka terbunuh dalam peperangan atau meninggal secara normal dalam keadaan yang demikian itu, maka Allah akan membukakan rezeki yang mulia kepada mereka di akhirat.

Sebagian ahli tafsir berpendapat bahwa pada hakikatnya orang yang terbunuh atau mati biasa dalam keadaan hijrah untuk mempertahankan dan membela agama Allah adalah sama-sama akan diberi rezeki yang mulia di sisi Allah. Itulah yang dimaksud dengan ayat ini, dan juga disebutkan dalam firman Allah:

Dan barang siapa berhijrah di jalan Allah, niscaya mereka akan mendapatkan di bumi ini tempat hijrah yang luas dan (rezeki) yang banyak. Barang siapa keluar dari rumahnya dengan maksud berhijrah karena Allah dan Rasul-Nya, kemudian kematian menimpanya (sebelum sampai ke tempat yang dituju), maka sungguh, pahalanya telah ditetapkan di sisi Allah. Dan Allah Maha Pengampun, Maha Penyayang. (an-Nisa'/4: 100)

Dan dalam hadis Nabi saw:

Dari Salman al-Farisi ia berkata, "Aku telah mendengar Rasulullah saw bersabda, "Barangsiapa yang mati dalam keadaan bertugas (siap bertempur pada jalan Allah), dia diberi rezeki, dan aman dari segala yang memfitnah dia. Dan bacalah olehmu jika kamu menghendaki (ayat ini)." (Riwayat Ibnu Abi Hatim)

Dari ayat ini dapat pula ditetapkan hukum, bahwa apabila ada perbuatan baik, sesuai dengan apa yang diperintahkan agama dan dikerjakan oleh beberapa orang, dalam pelaksanaan pekerjaan itu ada kaum Muslimin yang meninggal karena pekerjaan itu, dan ada yang mati secara normal di waktu melaksanakan pekerjaan itu, maka orang-orang yang mati secara normal itu diberi pahala yang sama oleh Allah.

Dalam ayat ini terdapat perkataan "rezeki" yang mulia, Allah tidak menerangkan apa yang dimaksud dengan rezeki yang mulia itu, dan kapan rezeki itu diberikan. Hal ini akan diterangkan pada ayat berikutnya (ayat 59).

Kemudian Allah menerangkan bahwa Dia adalah pemberi rezeki yang paling baik. Maksudnya ialah Allah memberikan rezeki kepada hamba-hamba-Nya itu, semata-mata karena kasih sayangnya kepada mereka, sehingga ia memberikannya tiada terhingga kepada siapa yang dikehendaki-Nya, tanpa mengharapkan sesuatu balasan dari hamba-Nya itu.