Surah Al-Fath 48:6

Allah sent down the Sakinah into the Hearts of the Believers

Allah the Exalted said,

(He it is Who sent down As-Sakinah), meaning, tranquility. Qatadah commented, "Grace into the hearts of the believers", that is, the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, on the Day of Al-Hudaybiyyah. The companions were they, who accepted the call of Allah and His Messenger and obeyed the decisions of Allah and His Messenger . When their hearts felt content with acceptance and were at peace, Allah increased their faith, joining it to the faith they already had. Al-Bukhari, and other Imams, relied on this Ayah as proof that faith increases and decreases in the hearts. Allah the Exalted said next that had He willed, He would have inflicted defeat on the disbelievers, Allah says;

(And to Allah belong the armies of the heavens and the earth) and had He willed to send only one angel to them, that angel would have brought destruction to all what they had. However, Allah the Exalted willed Jihad and fighting to be established for, and by, the believers for great wisdom, clear reasons and unequivocal evidences that He had in all this. This is why Allah the Great said next,

(and Allah is Ever All-Knower, All-Wise.) Allah the Exalted and Most Honored said,

(That He may admit the believing men and the believing women to Gardens under which rivers flow to abide therein forever,) We mentioned the Hadith that Anas narrated in which the Companions said, "Congratulations, O Allah's Messenger! This good news is for you, so what good news do we have" Allah the Exalted sent down this Ayah,

(That He may admit the believing men and the believing women to Gardens under which rivers flow to abide therein forever,) meaning they will remain in Paradise forever,

(and He may expiate from them their sins;) Allah will not punish them for their errors and mistakes. Rather, He will forgive, absolve and pardon them and cover the errors, grant mercy and appreciate,

(and that is with Allah supreme success.) Allah the Exalted said in a similar Ayah,

(And whoever is removed away from the Fire and admitted to Paradise, he indeed is successful.) (3:185) Allah said,

(And that He may punish the hypocrites, men and women, and also the idolators, men and women, who think evil thoughts about Allah,) who question the wisdom in Allah's decisions and think that the Messenger and his Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, might be killed and exterminated. This is why Allah the Exalted said,

(for them is a disgraceful torment. And the anger of Allah is upon them, and He has cursed them) He has cast them away from His mercy,

(and prepared Hell for them -- and worst indeed is that destination.) Allah the Exalted and Most Honored asserted His ability to take revenge from the enemies of Islam and all disbelievers and hypocrites,

(And to Allah belong the armies of the heavens and the earth. And Allah is Ever All-Powerful, All-Wise.)

Baiat kaum Muslimin kepada Nabi, dan penerimaan Perjanjian Hudaibiyyah, dijadikan Allah sebagai alasan untuk:

1.Mengazab orang-orang munafik dan orang-orang musyrik, baik laki-laki maupun perempuan, berupa kekalahan di dunia di samping timbulnya kebingungan, ketakutan, dan kesedihan pada diri mereka karena melihat kemenangan kaum Muslimin atas mereka, ditawannya sebagian mereka oleh orang-orang yang beriman, terbunuhnya sebagian keluarga mereka dalam peperangan, dan sebagainya. Semula mereka menyangka pasti akan menang dan mengalahkan kaum Muslimin, bahkan sanggup membunuh semuanya. Mereka pada waktu itu yakin bahwa keadaan mereka lebih baik daripada keadaan kaum Muslimin. Tetapi yang terjadi adalah sebaliknya dan segala macam penyesalan mereka itu tidak ada gunanya.

2.Memurkai mereka sehingga kehidupan mereka celaka di dunia dan di akhirat.

3.Melaknat mereka sehingga mereka tersiksa hidup di dunia.

4.Memasukkan mereka ke dalam neraka Jahanam.

Dalam ayat ini, "orang-orang munafik" disebut lebih dahulu daripada "orang-orang musyrik". Hikmahnya ialah untuk menekankan bahwa orang-orang munafik lebih banyak menimbulkan kerugian bagi orang-orang yang beriman, dibandingkan dengan orang-orang musyrik. Orang munafik merupakan musuh yang tidak tampak dan sukar dihadapi, sedangkan orang-orang musyrik adalah musuh yang tampak dengan jelas sehingga mudah menghadapinya. Sehubungan dengan sikap orang-orang munafik ini, Allah berfirman:

Bahkan (semula) kamu menyangka bahwa Rasul dan orang-orang mukmin sekali-kali tidak akan kembali lagi kepada keluarga mereka selama-lamanya dan dijadikan terasa indah yang demikian itu di dalam hatimu, dan kamu telah berprasangka dengan prasangka yang buruk, karena itu kamu menjadi kaum yang binasa. (al-Fath/48: 12)

Di samping bencana, orang-orang munafik dan orang-orang musyrik juga akan menerima kemurkaan Allah, dijauhkan dari rahmat-Nya, dan disediakan neraka Jahanam yang membakar hangus mereka di akhirat nanti. Neraka Jahanam itu adalah tempat paling buruk yang disediakan bagi mereka.