Surah Al-A'raf 7:94

Afflictions that struck Earlier Nations

Allah mentions the Ba'sa' and Darra' that struck the earlier nations to whom He sent Prophets. Ba'sa', refers to the physical sicknesses and ailments that they suffered, while Darra', refers to the poverty and humiliation that they experienced,

(so that they might humble themselves) supplicate, humble themselves and invoke Allah, that He might remove the afflictions that they suffered from. This Ayah indicates that Allah sent down severe afflictions to them so that they might invoke Him, but they did not do what He ordered them. Therefore, He changed the affliction into prosperity to test them,

(Then We changed the evil for the good,) Therefore, Allah changed the hardship into prosperity, disease and sickness into health and well-being, and poverty into richness in provision, so that they might be thankful to Allah for this, but they did none of that. Allah's statement,

(until they `Afaw) refers to increase in numbers, wealth and offspring. Allah said next,

(. . and they said: "Our fathers were touched with evil and with good." So We seized them all of a sudden while they were unaware.) He tested them with this (afflictions) and that (ease and abundance) so that they may humble themselves and repent to Him. However, they failed both tests, for neither this nor that compelled them to change their ways. They said, "We suffered Ba'sa' and Darra', but prosperity came afterwards, just as like our forefathers in earlier times." "Therefore," they said, "it is a cycle where we sometimes suffer a hardship and at other times, we enjoy a bounty." However, they did not comprehend Allah's wisdom, nor the fact that He is testing them in both cases. To the contrary, the believers are grateful to Allah in good times and practice patience in hard times. In the Sahih, there is a Hadith that says;

(The matter of the believer is amazing, for nothing that Allah decrees for him, but it is better for him. If a Darra' (harm) strikes him, he is patient, and this is better for him, if he is given Sarra' (prosperity), he thanks (Allah) for it and this is better for him.) The believer, therefore, is aware of the test behind the afflictions whether it may be prosperity or adversity that Allah sends to him, as well as the blessings. Similarly, in another Hadith,

(The believer will continue to be tested by afflictions until he ends up pure from sin. And the parable of the hypocrite is that of a donkey, it does not know why its owners tied it or released it.) Allah said next,

(So We seized them all of a sudden while they were unaware.) meaning, We struck them with punishment all of a sudden, while they were unaware. A Hadith describes sudden death,

(Sudden death is a mercy for the believer, but a sorrowful punishment for the disbeliever.)

Dalam ayat ini dijelaskan bahwa salah satu dari ketetapan Allah yang berlaku ialah bahwa Dia mengutus rasul-Nya kepada suatu umat, kemudian apabila umat tersebut mendustakan rasul-Nya, maka Allah menimpakan cobaan kepada umat tersebut, berupa kesempitan rezeki dan penderitaan. Cobaan tersebut dimaksudkan untuk menyadarkan mereka sehingga menjadi umat yang tunduk dan rendah hati dengan ikhlas berdoa kehadirat Allah agar mereka dilepaskan dari azab tersebut.

Kemewahan dan kesenangan hidup menyebabkan manusia lupa kepada Tuhannya. Akan tetapi, bila suatu ketika ia ditimpa kesusahan dan kesempitan, maka hal itu akan menimbulkan kesadaran dalam hatinya, lalu kembali ke jalan yang ditunjukkan agamanya, dan berusaha untuk memperbaiki dirinya.

"Dan sekiranya Allah melapangkan rezeki kepada hamba-hamba-Nya niscaya mereka akan berbuat melampaui batas di bumi, tetapi Dia menurunkan dengan ukuran yang Dia kehendaki. Sungguh, Dia Mahateliti terhadap (keadaan) hamba-hamba-Nya, Maha Melihat. (asy-Syura/42: 27)

Seseorang baru dapat merasakan nikmatnya kekayaan bila suatu ketika ia pernah kehilangan kekayaan itu. Seseorang baru mengerti nikmat kesehatan bila suatu ketika ia pernah sakit. Demikian pula halnya dengan nikmat-nikmat lainnya yang telah dikaruniakan Allah kepada manusia.

Dengan demikian jelaslah, apabila suatu ketika Allah mencabut nikmat-Nya dari seseorang atau satu bangsa, maka tujuannya agar mereka sadar dan mau beriman dan taat kepada Allah, yakin akan sifat-sifat kekuasaan, keadilan dan kasih sayang Allah kepada makhluk. Sehingga mereka akan kembali merendahkan diri kepada Allah dan tunduk kepada peraturan-Nya, serta mengharapkan ampunan-Nya, untuk melepaskan mereka dari kesusahan yang menimpanya.