Surah Al-A'raf 7:169

The Children of Israel scatter throughout the Land

Allah states that He divided the Jews into various nations, sects and groups,

(And We said to the Children of Israel after him (after Musa died): "Dwell in the land, then, when the final and the last promise comes near, We shall bring you altogether as a mixed crowd (gathered out of various nations).")17:104

(some of them are righteous and some are away from that), some of them are led aright and some are not righteous, just as the Jinns declared,

("There are among us some that are righteous, and some the contrary; we are groups having different ways (religious sects).") 72:11 Allah said here,

(And We tried them), and tested them,

(with good and evil), with times of ease, difficulty, eagerness, fear, well-being and affliction,

(in order that they might turn (to Allah)) Allah said next,

(Then after them succeeded an (evil) generation, which inherited the Book, but they chose (for themselves) the goods of this low life) This Ayah means, after the generation made up of righteous and unrighteous people, another generation came that did not have goodness in them, and they inherited the Tawrah and studied it. Mujahid commented on Allah's statement,

(They chose (for themselves) the goods of this low life) "They will consume anything they can consume in this life, whether legally or illegally. Yet, they wish for forgiveness,

(Saying: "(Everything) will be forgiven for us." And if (again) the offer of the like came their way, they would (again) seize them.)" Qatadah commented on Allah's statement,

(they chose (for themselves) the goods of this low life) "This, by Allah, is an evil generation,

(which inherited the Book) after their Prophets and Messengers, for they were entrusted with this job by Allah's command to them. Allah said in another Ayah,

(Then, there has succeeded them a posterity who neglect the Salah (the prayers).) 19:59 Allah said next,

(They chose the goods of this low life saying: "(Everything) will be forgiven to us.") They wish and hope from Allah, while deceiving themselves,

(And if (again) the offer of the like came their way, they would (again) seize them.) Nothing stops them from this behavior, for whenever they are given an opportunity in this life, they will consume regardless of it being allowed or not." As-Suddi said about Allah's statement,

(Then after them succeeded an (evil) generation) until,

(and they have studied what is in it (the Book).) "Every time the Children of Israel appointed a judge, he used to take bribes. The best ones among them held a counsel and took covenants from each that they would not take bribes. However, when one of them would take bribes in return for judgment and was asked, `What is the matter with you; you take a bribe to grant judgment', he replied, `I will be forgiven.' So the rest of his people would admonish him for what he did. But when he died, or was replaced, the one who replaced him would take bribes too. Therefore, Allah says, if the others (who admonished him) would have a chance to loot this world, they will take it."' Allah said,

(Was not the covenant of the Book taken from them that they would not say about Allah anything but the truth) thus, admonishing them for this behavior. Allah took a pledge from them that they would declare the truth to people and not hide it. Allah said in another Ayah,

((And remember) when Allah took a covenant from those who were given the Scripture to make it known and clear to mankind, and not to hide it, but they threw it away behind their backs, and purchased with it some miserable gain! And indeed worst is that which they bought) 3:187. Ibn Jurayj said that Ibn `Abbas said about the Ayah,

(Was not the covenant of the Book taken from them that they would not say about Allah anything but the truth), "Their claim that Allah will forgive the sins they keep committing without repenting from them." Allah said,

(And the home in the Hereafter is better for those who have Taqwa Do not you then understand) Encouraging them to seek Allah's tremendous reward and warning them against His severe torment. Allah says here, `My reward and what I have are better for those who avoid prohibitions, abandon lusts and become active in the obedience of their Lord.'

(Do not you then understand) Allah says' Do not these people, who preferred this life instead of what is with Me, have any sense to prohibit them from their foolish and extravagant ways' Allah then praises those who adhere to His Book, which directs them to follow His Messenger Muhammad ,

(And as to those who hold fast to the Book) adhere to it, implement its commands and refrain from its prohibitions,

(and perform the Salah, certainly We shall never waste the reward of those who do righteous deeds.)

Dalam ayat ini Allah menerangkan satu generasi dari Yahudi yang menggantikan golongan bangsa Yahudi tersebut di atas. Mereka adalah bangsa Yahudi yang hidup di zaman Nabi Muhammad yang mewarisi Taurat dari nenek-moyang mereka dan menerima begitu saja segala apa yang tercantum di dalamnya. Hukum halal dan haram, perintah dan larangan dalam kitab itu mereka ketahui, tetapi mereka tidak mengamalkannya. Mereka mengutamakan kepentingan duniawi dengan segala kemegahan yang akan lenyap. Mereka mencari harta benda dengan usaha-usaha yang lepas dari hukum moral dan agama, mengembangkan riba, makan suap, pilih kasih dalam hukum dan lain sebagainya, karena mereka berpendapat bahwa Allah kelak akan mengampuni dosa mereka. Orang-orang Yahudi itu menganggap dirinya kekasih Allah dan bangsa pilihan. Anggapan demikian hanyalah menyesatkan pikiran mereka. Oleh karena itu setiap ada kesempatan untuk memperoleh keuntungan duniawi seperti uang suap, riba dan sebagainya, tidaklah mereka sia-siakan.

Allah menegaskan kesalahan pendapat dan anggapan mereka yang berkepanjangan dalam kesesatan dan tenggelam dalam nafsu kebendaan. Allah mengungkapkan adanya ikatan perjanjian antara mereka dengan Allah yang tercantum dalam Taurat, bahwa mereka tidak akan mengatakan terhadap Allah kecuali kebenaran. Tetapi mereka memutarbalikkan isi Taurat, karena didorong oleh keinginan untuk memperoleh keuntungan duniawi, padahal mereka telah memahami dengan baik isi Taurat itu dan sadar akan kesalahan perbuatan itu. Seharusnya mereka lebih mengutamakan kepentingan ukhrawi dengan berbuat sesuai dengan petunjuk Allah dan Taurat daripada keuntungan duniawi. Bagi orang yang takwa, kebahagiaan akhirat lebih baik daripada kebahagiaan duniawi yang terbatas itu. Mengapa mereka tidak merenungkan hal yang demikian?

Ayat ini menjelaskan bahwa kecenderungan kepada materi dan hidup kebendaan, merupakan faktor yang menyebabkan kecurangan orang Yahudi sebagai suatu bangsa yang punya negara. Karena kecintaan yang besar kepada kehidupan duniawi, mereka kehilangan petunjuk agama serta kering dalam kehidupan kerohanian.

Apa yang menimpa orang Yahudi zaman dahulu mungkin pula menimpa orang-orang Islam zaman sekarang, karena mereka lebih banyak mengutamakan kehidupan materiil dan menyampingkan kehidupan spirituil kerohanian sehingga sepak terjang mereka sangat jauh dari ajaran Al-Quran.