Surah Al-A'raf 7:165

Those Who breached the Sabbath were turned into Monkeys, butThose Who prohibited Their Actions were saved

Allah said that the people of this village were divided into three groups, a group that committed the prohibition, catching fish on the Sabbath, as we described in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Baqarah. Another group prohibited them from transgression and avoided them. A third group neither prohibited them, nor participated in their action. The third group said to the preachers,

("Why do you preach to a people whom Allah is about to destroy or to punish with a severe torment"). They said, `why do you forbid these people from evil, when you know that they are destroyed and have earned Allah's punishment' Therefore, they said, there is no benefit in forbidding them. The preachers replied,

("In order to be free from guilt before your Lord (Allah),") `for we were commanded to enjoin righteousness and forbid evil,' r

("and perhaps they may fear Allah") for on account of our advice, they might stop this evil and repent to Allah. Certainly, if they repent to Allah, Allah will accept their repentance and grant them His mercy.' Allah said,

(So when they forgot the reminder that had been given to them, ) when the evil doers refused the advice,

(We rescued those who forbade evil, but We seized who did wrong,) who committed the transgression,

(with a severe torment). Allah stated that those who enjoined good were saved, while those who committed the transgression were destroyed, but He did not mention the end of those who were passive (the third group), for the compensation is comparable to the deed. This type did not do what would warrant praise, nor commit wrong so that they are admonished. `Ikrimah said, "Ibn `Abbas said about the Ayah: `I do not know whether or not the people were saved who said;

("Why do you preach to a people whom Allah is about to destroy...") So I continued discussing it with him until I convinced him that they were. Then he gave me the gift of a garment." Allah said,

(and We seized those who did wrong with a Ba'is torment) indicating that those who remained were saved. As for `Ba'is', it means `severe', according to Mujahid, or `painful', according to Qatadah. These meanings are synonymous, and Allah knows best. Allah said next,

(despised), humiliated, disgraced and rejected.

Orang yang melanggar ketentuan-ketentuan Allah pada hari Sabat itu disebut "Orang-orang yang melupakan peringatan". Maksudnya ialah orang-orang yang tidak menghiraukan ancaman-ancaman Allah yang ditujukan kepada orang-orang yang ingkar kepada-Nya, tidak mengindahkan nasihat dan peringatan-Nya, dan tidak melaksanakan ajaran-ajaran-Nya. Bahkan telah berpaling dari ajaran itu. Seolah-olah mereka telah melupakannya dan tidak ada bekas sedikit pun dalam diri mereka tentang peringatan yang telah diberikan itu.

Karena itu, Allah menegaskan bagi mereka berlaku Sunnatullah, yaitu Allah menyelamatkan orang-orang yang taat kepada-Nya, dan mengazab orang-orang yang fasik dan durhaka, Allah menerangkan bahwa Bani Israil itu diazab bukanlah semata-mata karena kefasikan mereka yang melanggar ketentuan-ketentuan Allah pada hari Sabtu itu, tetapi juga perbuatan-perbuatan fasik yang selalu mereka kerjakan. Menurut Sunnatullah pula bahwa Dia mengazab orang-orang yang durhaka secara langsung di dunia, karena perbuatan dosa yang telah mereka lakukan, sebagaimana firman Allah swt:

Dan kalau Allah menghukum manusia karena kezalimannya, niscaya tidak akan ada yang ditinggalkan-Nya (di bumi) dari makhluk yang melata sekalipun.... (an-Nahl/16: 61)

Dan Allah memaafkan sebagian besar kesalahan-kesalahan hamba-hamba-Nya seperti dalam firman-Nya:

Dan apa saja musibah apa pun yang menimpa kamu adalah karena perbuatan tanganmu sendiri, dan Allah memaafkan banyak (dari kesalahan-kesalahanmu). (asy-Syura/42: 30)

Dalam ayat ini Allah akan langsung mengazab satu umat atau bangsa di dunia sebelum mereka menerima azab di akhirat, jika kezaliman umat atau bangsa itu besar pengaruhnya dan sukar menghilangkannya pada kehidupan manusia dan kemanusiaan, sebagaimana dinyatakan Allah dalam firman-Nya:

"Dan peliharalah dirimu dari siksaan yang tidak hanya menimpa orang-orang yang zalim saja di antara kamu. Dan ketahuilah bahwa Allah sangat keras siksa-Nya." (al-Anfal/8: 25)

Azab yang dimaksud telah ditimpakan kepada umat-umat yang terdahulu yang mengingkari seruan Nabi-nabi yang diutus kepada mereka.