Surah Maryam 19:51

Mentioning Musa and Harun

After Allah had mentioned Ibrahim, the Friend of Allah, and commended him, he next mentioned Al-Kalim (the one spoken to by Allah directly). Allah said,

(And mention in the Book, Musa. Verily, he was Mukhlasan) Ath-Thawri reported from `Abdul-Aziz bin Rafi`, from Abu Lubabah that he said, "The Disciples (of `Isa) said, `O Spirit of Allah, inform us about the one who is Mukhlis (purely devoted) to Allah.' He said, `That is one who does a deed solely for Allah and he does not like for the people to praise him."' Others recited the word as Mukhlas, which means that he was chosen. This is as Allah says,

(Verily, I have chosen you above men.) 7:144 Concerning Allah's statement,

(and he was a Messenger, (and) a Prophet.) Allah combined these two descriptions for him. For verily, he was one of the greatest Messengers and one of the five Messengers of Strong Will. They are Nuh, Ibrahim, Musa, `Isa and Muhammad. May the blessings of Allah be upon them and all of the Prophets. Allah said,

(And We called him from the side of the Tur.) means Mount

(right) It was on the right side of Musa when he went seeking a burning wood from that fire. He saw its glow in the distance, so he set out towards it and found it on the right side of the mountain from his direction, at the edge of the valley that he was in. This is when Allah, the Exalted, spoke to him and called out to him. Allah summoned him to come near and He conversed Ayah with him. Concerning His statement,

(And We granted him his brother Harun, (also) a Prophet, out of Our mercy.) This means, "We responded to his request and his plea on behalf of his brother and We made him a Prophet as well." This is as Allah says in another Ayah,

(And my brother Harun he is more eloquent in speech than me: so send him with me as a helper to confirm me.Verily, I fear that they will belie me.) 28:34 Also, Allah said,

((Allah said: ) "You are granted your request, O Musa.") 20:36 He also said,

(So send for Harun. And they have a charge of crime against me, and I fear they will kill me.) 26:13-14 Because of this, some of the Salaf (predecessors) said, "No one in this life pleaded on behalf of someone else more than Musa pleaded for his brother to be a Prophet." Allah, the Exalted said,

(And We granted him his brother Harun, (also) a Prophet, out of Our mercy.)

Pada ayat ini Allah memerintahkan kepada Nabi Muhammad saw agar menerangkan kepada kaum musyrik kisah mengenai Nabi Musa a.s. dan keutamaan sifat-sifatnya agar Nabi sendiri beserta kaumnya dapat mengetahui bagaimana Allah menghargai dan memuliakannya. Keistimewaan-keistimewaan Nabi Musa a.s. itu di antaranya adalah dia orang yang dipilih Allah dan diikhlaskan-Nya untuk semata-mata menyampaikan dakwah agama tauhid seperti dakwahnya kepada Firaun beserta kaumnya, sebagaimana tersebut pada ayat ini:

(Allah) berfirman, "Wahai Musa! Sesungguhnya Aku memilih (melebihkan) engkau dari manusia yang lain (pada masamu) untuk membawa risalah-Ku dan firman-Ku, sebab itu berpegangteguhlah kepada apa yang Aku berikan kepadamu dan hendaklah engkau termasuk orang-orang yang bersyukur." (al-A'raf/7: 144)

Allah mengangkatnya sebagai rasul di samping menjadi nabi. Perbedaan antara rasul dan nabi ialah rasul yang mempunyai risalah yang harus disampaikan kepada manusia dan diturunkan kepadanya kitab yang mengandung akidah, hukum-hukum dan sebagainya, sedang nabi adalah orang yang mendapat wahyu dari Allah tentang agama yang benar dan memberitahukan hal itu kepada manusia tetapi tidak mempunyai risalah yang harus disampaikan kepada manusia dan tidak pula diturunkan kitab kepadanya. Di kalangan Bani Israil banyak nabi yang tugas mereka hanya memelihara dan menyampaikan syariat yang dibawa Nabi Musa yang tersebut dalam kitab Taurat, seperti Yusa', Ilyas dan lainnya.