Surah Al-Mu'minun 23:63

The Justice of Allah and the Frivolity of the Idolators

Allah tells us of His justice towards His servants in this world, in that He does not task any person except according to his capacity, i.e., He does not burden any soul with more than it can bear. On the Day of Resurrection He will call them to account for their deeds, which He has recorded in a written Book from which nothing is omitted. He says:

(and with Us is a Record which speaks the truth,) meaning, the Book of deeds

(and they will not be wronged.) means, nothing will be omitted from their record of good deeds. As for evil deeds, He will forgive and overlook many of them in the case of His believing servants. Then Allah says, denouncing the disbelievers and idolators of the Quraysh:

(Nay, but their hearts are covered), meaning because of negligence and misguidance,

(from this.) means, the Qur'an which Allah revealed to His Messenger .

(and they have other deeds, besides which they are doing.) Al-Hakam bin Aban narrated from `Ikrimah, from Ibn `Abbas that

(and they have other deeds,) means, evil deeds apart from that, i.e., Shirk,

(which they are doing.) means, which they will inevitably do. This was also narrated from Mujahid, Al-Hasan and others. Others said that this phrase means:

(And they have other deeds, besides which they are doing.) It was decreed that they would do evil deeds, and they will inevitably do them before they die, so that the word of punishment may be justified against them. A similar view was narrated from Muqatil bin Hayyan, As-Suddi and `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam. This is a clear and appropriate meaning. We have already quoted from the Hadith of Ibn Mas`ud:

(By Him besides Whom there is no other God, a man may do the deeds of the people of Paradise until there is no more than a forearm's length between him and it, then the decree will overtake him and he will do the deeds of the people of Hell, then he will enter Hell...)

(Until when We seize those of them who lead a luxurious life with punishment; behold, they make humble invocation with a loud voice.) means, when the punishment and vengeance of Allah comes to those who are living a happy life of luxury in this world and overtakes them,

(behold, they make humble invocation with a loud voice.) means, they scream their calls for help. This is like the Ayat:

(And leave Me Alone (to deal) with the beliers, those who are in possession of good things of life. And give them respite for a little while. Verily, with Us are fetters, and a raging Fire.) 73:11-12

(How many a generation have We destroyed before them! And they cried out when there was no longer time for escape.) 38:3

(Invoke not loudly this day! Certainly you shall not be helped by Us. ) means, no one is going to save you from what has happened to you, whether you scream aloud or remain silent. There is no escape and no way out. It is inevitable: the punishment will surely come to you. Then Allah mentions the greatest of their sins:

(Indeed My Ayat used to be recited to you, but you used to turn back on your heels.) meaning, when you were called, you refused and resisted.

("This is because, when Allah Alone was invoked, you disbelieved, but when partners were joined to Him, you believed! So the judgment is only with Allah, the Most High, the Most Great!") 40:12

(In pride, talking evil about it by night.) refers to the arrogant pride which the Quraysh felt because they believed themselves to be the guardians of the Ka`bah, when in fact this was not the case. As An-Nasa'i said in his Tafsir of this Ayah in his Sunan: Ahmad bin Sulayman told us that `Ubaydullah told us from Isra`il, from `Abdul-A`la that he heard Sa`id bin Jubayr narrating that Ibn `Abbas said, "Talking by late night became disapproved of when this Ayah was revealed:

(In pride, talking evil about it by night.) He said, "They boasted about the Ka`bah and said, `We are its people who stay up talking at night.' They used to boast and stay up and talk at night around the Ka`bah. They did not use it for the proper purpose, and so in effect they had abandoned it."

Pada ayat ini Allah menerangkan bahwa hati kaum musyrikin telah berpaling dan lalai dari memperhatikan petunjuk-petunjuk yang dibawa Al-Qur'an. Mereka tidak mau mengambil manfaat daripadanya. Padahal petunjuk-petunjuk itulah yang dapat membawa mereka kepada kebahagiaan hidup di dunia dan akhirat. Seandainya mereka mau membaca dan memperhatikan Al-Qur'an tentulah hati mereka akan terbuka dan melihat bahwa ajaran Al-Qur'an itu memang amat berguna dan semua yang terkandung di dalamnya adalah benar. Mereka akan mengakui bahwa semua perbuatan manusia akan dipertanggungjawabkan di hadapan Allah tanpa kecuali. Inilah kesalahan mereka yang pertama yang menyeret mereka kepada kesalahan-kesalahan lain dan menyebabkan mereka tidak mempedulikan lagi norma-norma akhlak yang mulia, berbuat sekehendak hati tanpa memperhatikan hak-hak orang-orang lain. Apa saja yang mereka inginkan mereka rebut walaupun dengan merampas dan menganiaya kaum lemah. Karena itu pula mereka telah tenggelam dalam kemusyrikan dan mata hati mereka telah buta tidak dapat lagi membedakan mana yang benar dan mana yang sesat, telinga mereka telah tuli, tidak dapat lagi mendengar ajaran agama. Hadis yang diriwayatkan Ibnu Masud, Nabi saw, bersabda:

....Demi Zat yang tidak ada tuhan selain-Nya, sesungguhnya seseorang di antara kamu beramal amalan penghuni surga, sehingga antara dia dan surga hanya tinggal satu hasta saja. Namun dia sudah tercatat sebagai penghuni neraka, maka ia mengakhiri amalnya dengan dengan amalan penghuni neraka, sehingga ia masuk neraka. Dan sesungguhnya seseorang di antara kamu beramal amalan penghuni neraka, sehingga antara dia dengan neraka hanya tinggal satu hasta saja. Namun ia sudah tercatat sebagai penghuni surga, maka ia mengakhiri amalnya dengan amalan penghuni surga, sehingga ia masuk surga." (Riwayat Ahmad)

Mereka menganggap apa yang mereka warisi dari nenek moyang mereka sajalah yang benar. Menurut mereka Al-Qur'an itu hanya dongengan orang-orang dahulu yang dibawa oleh orang yang gila atau hanya gubahan seorang penyair atau ajaran yang diterima Muhammad dari ahli kitab. Apabila diberikan kepada mereka keterangan yang nyata tentang kebenaran Al-Qur'an yang tidak dapat dibantah sehingga mereka mengatakan, kami tak dapat menerimanya karena bertentangan dengan apa yang dianut dan dipercayai moyang kami, seperti tersebut dalam ayat:

Bahkan mereka berkata, "Sesungguhnya kami mendapati nenek moyang kami menganut suatu agama, dan kami mendapat petunjuk untuk mengikuti jejak mereka." (az-Zukhruf/43: 22)