Surah 17 · 17:2
Surah Al-Isra 17:2
Al-Isra · The Night Journey
وَءَاتَيْنَا مُوسَى
Waatayna moosa alkitabawajaAAalnahu hudan libanee isra-eela allatattakhithoo min doonee wakeela
And We gave Moses the Scripture and made it a guidance for the Children of Israel that you not take other than Me as Disposer of affairs,
Dan Kami berikan kepada Musa, Kitab (Taurat) dan Kami menjadikannya petunjuk bagi Bani Israil (dengan firman), "Janganlah kamu mengambil (pelindung) selain Aku,
Tafsir
Ibn Kathir (Abridged)
Musa and how He was given the Tawrah
When Allah mentions how He took His servant Muhammad ﷺ, on the Journey by Night, He follows it by mentioning Musa, His servant and Messenger who also spoke with Him. Allah often mentions Muhammad ﷺ and Musa (AH.) together, may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon them both, and he mentions the Tawrah and the Qur'an together. So after mentioning the Isra', He says:
وَءَاتَيْنَآ مُوسَى الْكِتَـبَ
(And We gave Musa the Scripture), meaning the Tawrah.
وَجَعَلْنَاهُ
(and made it), meaning the Scripture,
هُدًى
(a guidance), meaning a guide,
لِّبَنِى إِسْرَءِيلَ أَلاَّ تَتَّخِذُواْ
(for the Children of Israel (saying): "Take none...") means, lest they should take,
مِن دُونِى وَكِيلاً
("... other than Me as (your) Wakil") means, `you have no protector, supporter or god besides Me,' because Allah revealed to every Prophet that he should worship Him alone with no partner or associate. Then Allah says:
ذُرِّيَّةَ مَنْ حَمَلْنَا مَعَ نُوحٍ
(O offspring of those whom We carried (in the ship) with Nuh) by addressing the descendants of those who were carried in the ship with Nuh there is a reminder of the blessings, as if Allah is saying: `O descendants of those whom We saved and carried in the ship with Nuh, follow in the footsteps of your father,
إِنَّهُ كَانَ عَبْدًا شَكُورًا
(Verily, he was a grateful servant). `Remember the blessing I have granted you by sending Muhammad ﷺ.' Imam Ahmad reported that Anas bin Malik said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:
«إِنَّ اللهَ لَيَرْضَى عَنِ الْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ الْأَكْلَةَ أَوْ يَشْرَبَ الشَّرْبَةَ فَيَحْمَدَ اللهَ عَلَيْهَا»
(Allah will be pleased with His servant if, when he eats something or drinks something, he praises Allah for it.)" This was also recorded by Muslim, At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i. Malik said about Zayd bin Aslam: "He used to praise Allah in all circumstances." In this context, Al-Bukhari mentioned the Hadith of Abu Zar`ah narrating from Abu Hurayrah, who said that the Prophet said:
«أَنَا سَيِّدُ وَلَدِ آدَمَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَة»
(I will be the leader of the sons of Adam on the Day of Resurrection...) He quoted the Hadith at length, and in the Hadith, the Prophet said:
«فَيَأْتُونَ نُوحًا فَيَقُولُونَ: يَا نُوحُ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ أَوَّلُ الرُّسُلِ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ، وَقَدْ سَمَّاكَ اللهُ عَبْدًا شَكُورًا، فَاشْفَعْ لَنَا إِلَى رَبِّك»
(They will come to Nuh and will say, `O Nuh, you were the first of the Messengers sent to the people of earth, and Allah called you grateful servant, so intercede for us with your Lord.') And he quoted the Hadith in full.
Tafsir Kemenag RI
Dalam ayat ini dijelaskan bahwa Allah telah menurunkan kitab Taurat kepada Musa a.s. sebagai pedoman hidup bagi Bani Israil. Allah swt menyuruh Musa a.s. agar mengatakan kepada kaumnya, "Janganlah kamu mengambil selain Allah sebagai penolong yang memberikan perlindungan dan menyelesaikan urusan-urusan kamu." Larangan yang ditujukan kepada kaumnya itu adalah larangan yang juga pernah disampaikan oleh rasul-rasul sebelumnya dengan perantaraan wahyu Allah. Terkandung pula dalam larangan di atas perintah agar manusia menyembah kepada Allah semata dan larangan menyekutukan sesuatu yang lain dengan-Nya. Terdapat juga larangan meminta bantuan dalam segala urusan kecuali kepada-Nya.
Pemberian kitab Taurat kepada Nabi Musa a.s. sebagai pedoman untuk kaumnya adalah untuk memberikan pengertian kepada kaum Muslimin, bahwa di antara tugas-tugas para rasul ialah menyampaikan agama tauhid, sebagaimana tugas Nabi saw kepada mereka. Juga untuk mengingatkan mereka agar jangan meniru sikap umat-umat terdahulu, dimana sepeninggal rasul-rasulnya, mereka membuat-buat takwil terhadap firman-firman Allah menurut kehendaknya, dan bergelimang dalam lembah dosa dan kesesatan yang nyata.
Itulah sebabnya maka Allah swt menyebutkan berulang kali dalam Al-Qur'an keistimewaan Musa a.s. dan kelebihan Bani Israil dari bangsa-bangsa lain yang ada pada masa itu. Allah menyebutkan pula nikmat yang diberikan kepada mereka, dengan maksud agar hati nurani mereka tergugah, lalu kembali ke jalan yang benar, dan hidup sesuai dengan petunjuk-Nya.
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Kata per kata
وَءَاتَيۡنَا
waātaynā
And We gave
مُوسَى
mūsā
Musa
ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ
l-kitāba
the Book
وَجَعَلۡنَٰهُ
wajaʿalnāhu
and made it
هُدٗى
hudan
a guidance
لِّبَنِيٓ
libanī
for the Children
إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ
is'rāīla
(of) Israel
أَلَّا
allā
That not
تَتَّخِذُواْ
tattakhidhū
you take
مِن
min
other than Me
دُونِي
dūnī
other than Me
وَكِيلٗا
wakīlan
(as) a Disposer of affairs