Surah 2 · 2:89
Surah Al-Baqarah 2:89
Al-Baqarah · The Cow
وَلَ
Walamma jaahum kitabunmin AAindi Allahi musaddiqun lima maAAahumwakanoo min qablu yastaftihoona AAala allatheenakafaroo falamma jaahum ma AAarafoo kafaroobihi falaAAnatu Allahi AAala alkafireen
And when there came to them a Book [i.e., the Qur’ān] from Allāh confirming that which was with them - although before they used to pray for victory against those who disbelieved - but [then] when there came to them that which they recognized, they disbelieved in it; so the curse of Allāh will be upon the disbelievers.
Dan setelah sampai kepada mereka Kitab (Alquran) dari Allah yang membenarkan apa yang ada pada mereka sedangkan sebelumnya mereka memohon kemenangan atas orang-orang kafir, ternyata setelah sampai kepada mereka apa yang telah mereka ketahui itu, mereka mengingkarinya. Maka laknat Allah bagi orang-orang yang ingkar.
Tafsir
Ibn Kathir (Abridged)
The Jews were awaiting the Prophet's coming, but They disbelieved in Him when He was sent
Allah said,
وَلَمَّا جَآءَهُمُ
(And when there came to them) meaning, the Jews,
كِتَـبٌ مِّنْ عِندِ اللَّهِ
(a Book from Allah) meaning, the Qur'an that Allah sent down to Muhammad,
مُصَدِّقٌ لِّمَا مَعَهُمْ
(confirming what is with them) meaning, the Tawrah. Further, Allah said,
وَكَانُواْ مِن قَبْلُ يَسْتَفْتِحُونَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ
(although aforetime they had invoked Allah (for coming of Muhammad ) in order to gain victory over those who disbelieved) meaning, before this Messenger came to them, they used to ask Allah to aid them by his arrival, against their polytheistic enemies in war. They used to say to the polytheists, "A Prophet shall be sent just before the end of this world and we, along with him, shall exterminate you, just as the nations of `Ad and Iram were exterminated." Also, Muhammad bin Ishaq narrated that Ibn `Abbas said, "The Jews used to invoke Allah (for the coming of Muhammad ) in order to gain victory over the Aws and Khazraj, before the Prophet was sent. When Allah sent him to the Arabs, they rejected him and denied what they used to say about him. Hence, Mu`adh bin Jabal and Bishr bin Al-Bara' bin Ma`rur, from Bani Salamah, said to them, `O Jews! Fear Allah and embrace Islam. You used to invoke Allah for the coming of Muhammad when we were still disbelievers and you used to tell us that he would come and describe him to us,' Salam bin Mushkim from Bani An-Nadir replied, `He did not bring anything that we recognize. He is not the Prophet we told you about.' Allah then revealed this Ayah about their statement,
وَلَمَّا جَآءَهُمْ كِتَـبٌ مِّنْ عِندِ اللَّهِ مُصَدِّقٌ لِّمَا مَعَهُمْ
(And when there came to them (the Jews), a Book (this Qur'an) from Allah confirming what is with them (the Tawrah) and the Injil (Gospel))."'
Abu Al-`Aliyah said, "The Jews used to ask Allah to send Muhammad so that they would gain victory over the Arab disbelievers. They used to say, `O Allah! Send the Prophet that we read about - in the Tawrah - so that we can torment and kill the disbelievers alongside him.' When Allah sent Muhammad and they saw that he was not one of them, they rejected him and envied the Arabs, even though they knew that he was the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Hence, Allah said,
فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُم مَّا عَرَفُواْ كَفَرُواْ بِهِ فَلَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْكَـفِرِينَ
(Then when there came to them that which they had recognized, they disbelieved in it. So let the curse of Allah be on the disbelievers). "
Tafsir Kemenag RI
Allah swt menerangkan, bahwa setelah Al-Qur'an datang dari sisi Allah, orang-orang Yahudi dan Nasrani mengingkarinya, padahal Al-Qur'an memberi petunjuk serta membenarkan Kitab Taurat yang ada pada mereka, yang sebelumnya sangat mereka harapkan kedatangannya untuk membenarkan yang terdapat dalam kitab mereka. Tetapi setelah kebenaran yang mereka ketahui itu datang, mereka tidak mau beriman. Sebabnya ialah karena mereka merasa akan kehilangan pengaruh, kekuasaan dan harta benda. Maka patutlah Allah melaknat mereka, sebagai imbalan kekafiran yang bersarang dalam dada mereka.
Al-Qur'an disebut Kitab yang membenarkan kitab mereka karena kandungannya sesuai dengan isi Kitab mereka dalam bidang tauhid dan prinsip-prinsip serta tujuan agama. Mereka dengan datangnya kitab yang ditunggu-tunggu itu sebenarnya mengharapkan kemenangan atas orang-orang musyrikin Arab dan orang-orang kafir Mekah. Hal ini dapat diketahui dari perkataan mereka bahwa kitab yang ditunggu-tunggu itu akan mendukung tauhid yang dibawa oleh Musa a.s., untuk menundukkan agama wasaniyah yang dipeluk oleh orang-orang Arab.
Diriwayatkan oleh Ibnu Jarir dari Qatadah al-Ansari dari orang tua-tua dari kalangan Ansar mereka berkata, "Kisah yang tersebut dalam ayat ini adalah mengenai kami dan orang-orang Yahudi Medinah. Kami dahulu pernah menjalankan agama mereka pada masa Jahiliah, sedang waktu itu kami masih musyrik dan mereka ahli kitab. Mereka mengatakan bahwa seorang nabi yang akan diutus telah dekat masanya, kami akan mengikutinya. Bersama-sama nabi itu kami akan membinasakan kamu seperti Allah membinasakan kaum 'Ad dan Iram. Tetapi setelah Rasulullah saw diutus, kami mengikutinya, sedang orang-orang Yahudi itu mengingkarinya."
Dari kisah ini dapat dipahami, bahwa mereka sebenarnya dengki kepada orang-orang Islam, kedengkian itu timbul setelah Allah mengutus Nabi Muhammad saw, dari kalangan orang-orang Arab, tidak dari kalangan mereka. Itulah sebabnya mereka terjerumus di lembah keingkaran dan kekafiran. Maka Allah memberikan ketetapan-Nya, bahwa mereka akan terusir dan jauh dari rahmat-Nya, karena keingkaran mereka pada kebenaran, setelah kebenaran yang diharapkan itu tampak di hadapan mereka.
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Kata per kata
وَلَمَّا
walammā
And when
جَآءَهُمۡ
jāahum
came to them
كِتَٰبٞ
kitābun
a Book
مِّنۡ
min
of
عِندِ
ʿindi
from
ٱللَّهِ
l-lahi
Allah
مُصَدِّقٞ
muṣaddiqun
confirming
لِّمَا
limā
what (was)
مَعَهُمۡ
maʿahum
with them
وَكَانُواْ
wakānū
though they used to
مِن
min
from
قَبۡلُ
qablu
before
يَسۡتَفۡتِحُونَ
yastaftiḥūna
(that), pray for victory
عَلَى
ʿalā
over
ٱلَّذِينَ
alladhīna
those who
كَفَرُواْ
kafarū
disbelieved
فَلَمَّا
falammā
then when
جَآءَهُم
jāahum
came to them
مَّا
mā
what
عَرَفُواْ
ʿarafū
they recognized
كَفَرُواْ
kafarū
they disbelieved
بِهِۦۚ
bihi
in it
فَلَعۡنَةُ
falaʿnatu
So (the) curse
ٱللَّهِ
l-lahi
(of) Allah
عَلَى
ʿalā
(is) on
ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ
l-kāfirīna
the disbelievers