Surah Al-A'raf 7:189

All Mankind are the Offspring of Adam

Allah states that He has created all mankind from Adam, peace be upon him, and from Adam, He created his wife, Hawwa' and from them, people started to spread. Allah said in another Ayah,

(O mankind! We have created you from a male and a female, and made you into nations and tribes, that you may know one another. Verily, the most honorable of you with Allah is that (believer) who has Taqwa) 49:13, and,

(O mankind! Have Taqwa of your Lord, Who created you from a single person, and from him He created his wife.)4:1 In this honorable Ayah, Allah said;

(And (then) He has created from him his wife, in order that he might enjoy the pleasure of living with her.) so that he is intimate and compassionate with her. Allah said in another Ayah,

(And among His Signs is this, that He created for you wives (spouses) from among yourselves, that you may find repose in them, and He has put between you affection and mercy.) 30:21 Indeed, there is no intimacy between two souls like that between the spouses. This is why Allah mentioned that the sorcerer might be able with his trick to separate between a man and his wife thus indicating the difficulty of separating them in normal circumstances. Allah said next,

(When he covered her) meaning had sexual intercourses with her.

(she became pregnant and she carried it about lightly) in reference to the first stage of pregnancy when the woman does not feel pain, for at that time, the fetus will be just a Nutfah (the mixture of the male and female discharge), then becomes an `Alaqah (a piece of thick coagulated blood) and then a Mudghah (a small lump of flesh). Allah said next,

(and she carried it about), she continued the pregnancy, according to Mujahid. It was reported that Al-Hasan, Ibrahim An-Nakha`i and As-Suddi said similarly. Maymun bin Mahran reported that his father said, "She found the pregnancy unnoticeable." Ayyub said, "I asked Al-Hasan about the Ayah,

(and she carried it about) and he said, `Had you been an Arab, you would know what it means! It means that she continued the pregnancy through its various stages."' Qatadah said,

(and she carried it about (lightly).), means, it became clear that she was pregnant. Ibn Jarir commented, "This Ayah means that the liquid remained, whether she stood up or sat down." Al-`Awfi recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "The semen remained in, but she was unsure if she became pregnant or not,

(Then when it became heavy), she became heavier with the fetus", As-Suddi said, "The fetus grew in her womb."

(they both invoked Allah, their Lord (saying): "If You give us a Salih child,) if he is born human in every respect. Ad-Dahhak said that Ibn `Abbas commented, "They feared that their child might be born in the shape of an animal!" while Abu Al-Bakhtri and Abu Malik commented, "They feared that their newborn might not be human." Al-Hasan Al-Basri also commented, "If You (Allah) give us a boy."

(we shall indeed be among the grateful. But when He gave them a Salih child, they ascribed partners to Him (Allah) in that which He has given to them. High be Allah, Exalted above all that they ascribe as partners to Him.) 7:189-190 Ibn Jarir recorded that Al-Hasan commented on this part of the Ayah,

(they ascribed partners to Him (Allah) in that which He has given to them) "This occurred by followers of some religion, not from Adam or Hawwa'." Al-Hasan also said, "This Ayah refers to those among the offspring of Adam who fell into Shirk,

(they ascribed partners to Him (Allah) in that which He has given to them.)" Qatadah said, "Al-Hasan used to say that it refers to the Jews and Christians. Allah gave them children, and they turned them into Jews and Christians." The explanations from Al-Hasan have authentic chains of narration leading to him, and certainly, it is one of the best interpretations. This Ayah should therefore be understood this way, for it is apparent that it does not refer to Adam and Hawa', but about the idolators among their offspring. Allah mentioned the person first Adam and Hawwa' and then continued to mention the species mankind, many of whom committed Shirk. There are similar cases in the Qur'an. For cases, Allah said

(And indeed We have adorned the nearest heaven with lamps) It is well-known that the stars that were made as lamps in the sky are not the same as the shooting missiles that are thrown at the devils mentioned later in the Ayah. There are similar instances in the Qur'an. Allah knows best.

Dalam ayat ini Allah menjelaskan bahwa manusia itu diciptakan dari jenis yang satu, dan dari jenis yang satu itu diciptakan pasangannya, maka hiduplah mereka berpasangan pria-wanita (suami-isteri) dan tenteramlah dia dengan isterinya itu. Hidup berpasangan suami-isteri merupakan tuntutan kodrati manusia rohaniyah dan jasmaniah. Bila seseorang telah mencapai usia dewasa, timbullah keinginan untuk hidup berpasangan sebagai suami-isteri, dan dia akan mengalami keguncangan batin apabila keinginan itu tidak tercapai. Sebab dalam berpasangan suami-isteri itulah terwujud ketenteraman. Ketenteraman tidak akan terwujud dalam diri manusia diluar hidup berpasangan suami-isteri. Maka tujuan kehadiran seorang isteri pada seorang laki-laki di dalam agama Islam ialah menciptakan hidup berpasangan itu sendiri. Islam mensyariatkan manusia agar mereka hidup berpasangan suami-isteri, karena dalam situasi hidup demikian itu manusia menemukan ketenteraman dan kebahagian rohaniyah dan jasmaniah.

Bila kedua suami-isteri itu berkumpul, mulailah isterinya mengandung benih. Saat permulaan dari pertumbuhan benih itu terasa ringan. Pertama-tama terhentinya haid dan selanjutnya benih itu terus berproses, perlahan-lahan. Maka ketika kandungannya mulai berat, ibu-bapak memanjatkan doa kepada Allah agar keduanya dianugerahi anak yang saleh, sempurna jasmani, berbudi luhur, cakap melaksanakan tugas kewajiban sebagai manusia. Kedua, isteri itu berjanji akan mewajibkan atas dirinya sendiri untuk bersyukur kepada Allah karena menerima nikmat itu dengan perkataan, perbuatan dan keyakinan.