Surah Al-A'raf 7:164

Those Who breached the Sabbath were turned into Monkeys, butThose Who prohibited Their Actions were saved

Allah said that the people of this village were divided into three groups, a group that committed the prohibition, catching fish on the Sabbath, as we described in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Baqarah. Another group prohibited them from transgression and avoided them. A third group neither prohibited them, nor participated in their action. The third group said to the preachers,

("Why do you preach to a people whom Allah is about to destroy or to punish with a severe torment"). They said, `why do you forbid these people from evil, when you know that they are destroyed and have earned Allah's punishment' Therefore, they said, there is no benefit in forbidding them. The preachers replied,

("In order to be free from guilt before your Lord (Allah),") `for we were commanded to enjoin righteousness and forbid evil,' r

("and perhaps they may fear Allah") for on account of our advice, they might stop this evil and repent to Allah. Certainly, if they repent to Allah, Allah will accept their repentance and grant them His mercy.' Allah said,

(So when they forgot the reminder that had been given to them, ) when the evil doers refused the advice,

(We rescued those who forbade evil, but We seized who did wrong,) who committed the transgression,

(with a severe torment). Allah stated that those who enjoined good were saved, while those who committed the transgression were destroyed, but He did not mention the end of those who were passive (the third group), for the compensation is comparable to the deed. This type did not do what would warrant praise, nor commit wrong so that they are admonished. `Ikrimah said, "Ibn `Abbas said about the Ayah: `I do not know whether or not the people were saved who said;

("Why do you preach to a people whom Allah is about to destroy...") So I continued discussing it with him until I convinced him that they were. Then he gave me the gift of a garment." Allah said,

(and We seized those who did wrong with a Ba'is torment) indicating that those who remained were saved. As for `Ba'is', it means `severe', according to Mujahid, or `painful', according to Qatadah. These meanings are synonymous, and Allah knows best. Allah said next,

(despised), humiliated, disgraced and rejected.

Sikap segolongan nenek-moyang Bani Israil yang mencela segolongan Bani Israil yang lain, yaitu memperingatkan Bani Israil yang telah mengingkari perintah Allah dan tidak menghentikan larangan-Nya. Dalam ayat ini dipahami pula bahwa tidak semua nenek-moyang Bani Israil mengabaikan perintah Allah dan melanggar larangan-Nya pada hari Sabat itu, ada di antara mereka yang melaksanakannya.

Dari ayat ini juga dapat diketahui bahwa dalam menyikapi perintah dan larangan Allah mereka terbagi kepada tiga kelompok, yaitu:

1. Kelompok yang mengabaikan perintah Allah dan melanggar larangan-Nya pada hari Sabat.

2. Kelompok yang memberi nasihat pada kelompok yang mengabaikan perintah Allah dan melanggar larangan-Nya.

3. Kelompok yang membantah tindakan kelompok yang memberi nasihat itu.

Kelompok kedua mengatakan kepada kelompok ketiga: "Kami memberi pelajaran kepada mereka itu, adalah untuk membebaskan diri dari perbuatan dosa dan untuk melaksanakan tugas kami, yaitu mencegah perbuatan yang mungkar. Kami berharap agar orang-orang yang durhaka itu sadar dan kembali ke jalan yang benar dan lurus".

Ketika Bani Israil tetap membangkang dan tidak mau kembali ke jalan Allah, dan tetap mengabaikan nasihat-nasihat yang telah diberikan, maka Allah menimpakan azab yang berat kepada mereka dan menyelamatkan orang-orang yang memberi nasihat tersebut.

Sebagian ulama berpendapat bahwa azab Allah tidak menimpa golongan ketiga, sedang sebagian ulama lagi berpendapat bahwa azab itu juga menimpa golongan ketiga, karena yang taat itu hanyalah golongan kedua saja, sedangkan golongan ketiga tidak melarang dari mengerjakan perbuatan yang mungkar, bahkan membantah dan menyalahkan orang yang melarang mengerjakan perbuatan yang mungkar.